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Informally, an ography is a field of study or academic discipline ending in the noun combining form -ography. The word ography is therefore a back-formation from the names of these disciplines. Such words are formed from Greek or Latin roots with the combining form -graphy derived from the Greek verb γραφειν (graphein), "to write", plus the abstract noun suffix -ia in Greek, which became Latin, and then French, before becoming English -y. The word ography is thus misleading, as the is actually part of the Greek root that receives the -graphy ending. For example, the bio- root of biography stems from Greek βιος (bios), life. This is why some of the words listed below do not end in -ography (such as calligraphy).

Some non-study ographies are the following:

• Autobiography, the biography of a person written by that person
• Bibliography, a list of writings used or considered by an author in preparing a particular work
• Biography, an account of a person's life
• Calligraphy, the art of fine handwriting
• Choreography, the art of creating and arranging dances or ballets
• Cryptography, the art of hiding the content of information
• Floriography, the language of flowers
• Orthography, rules of correct writing
• Photography, the art, practice, or occupation of taking and printing photographs
• SteganographyThis article is about steganography (hidden writing), not to be confused with stenography (shorthand). Steganography is the art and science of writing hidden messages in such a way that no one apart from the intended recipient knows of the existence of th, the art of writing hidden messages
• Stenography, the art of writing in shorthand
• TasseographyMostly from the Encyclopedia of Occultism & Parapsychology, Fifth Edition, Vol. Gordon Melton. One of the most popular forms of fortune-telling, depending largely upon psychic intuition. After a cup of tea has been poured, without using a tea strainer, th, the art of reading tea leaves

Some study-related ographies are the following:

• AreographyAreography is the study of the features of the planet Mars such as landforms, climates, weather patterns, relic zones conserving possible lifeforms or their fossils, and also the physical processes that create and modify these features, and the spatial pa, the study of the physical features of the planet Mars
• CartographyCartography (or mapmaking is the study and practice of making maps or globes. Maps have traditionally been made using pen and paper, but the advent and spread of computers has revolutionized cartography. Most commercial quality maps are now made with map, the study and making of maps
• DemographyDemography is the study of human population dynamics. It encompasses the study of the size, structure and distribution of populations, and how populations change over time due to births, deaths, migration and ageing. Demographic analysis can relate to who, the study of the characteristics of human populations, such as size, growth, density, distribution, and vital statistics
• GeographyGeography is the scientific study of the locational and spatial variation in both physical and human phenomena on Earth. The word derives from the Greek words g ("the Earth") and graphein ("to write," as in "to describe"). Geography is also the title of v, the study of spatial relationships on the Earth's surface
• HagiographyHagiography is the study of saints. A hagiography' refers literally to writings on the subject of such holy persons; and specifically, the biography of a saint. Hagiology by contrast, is the study of saints collectively, without focusing on the life of an, the study of saints
• Historiography, the study of the study of history
• Oceanography, the exploration and scientific study of the ocean and its phenomena
• Orography, the science and study of mountains