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He set the current world record of 86.74 m. at the 1986 European championships in Stuttgart, Germany. The only other thrower in the history of the sport to throw over 86 m. is Sergei Litvinov .
Unlike many current hammer throwers Sedykh threw off three turns rather than four. His coach Anatoly Bondarchuck is widely regarded as being one of the best hammer coaches in the world.
He won Olympic gold medals at the 1976 and 1980 Summer Olympics as well as taking first at the 1986 Goodwill Games and the 1991 World Championships in AthleticsThe 1991 World Championships in Athletics under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations were held in the Olympic Stadium in Tokyo, Japan between August 23 and September 1. The event is best-remembered for the men's long jump.
| Olympic medalists in athletics (men) | Olympic Champions in Men's Hammer Throw |
| John Flanagan (three times) | Matt McGrath | Patrick Ryan | Fred Tootell | Pat O'Callaghan (twice) | Karl Hein | Imre Németh | József Csermák | Harold Connolly | Vasiliy Rudenkov | Romuald Klim | Gyula Zsivótzky | Anatoliy Bondarchuk | Yuriy Sedykh (twice) | Juha Tiainen | Sergey Litvinov | Andrey Abduvaliyev | Balázs Kiss | Szymon Ziólkowski | Koji Murofushi |