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The sultanate of Yogyakarta was formed in 1755 when the existing Sultanate of Mataram was divided in two under the Treaty of Giyanti between the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and the rebellious Prince Mangkubumi. At the time, Mataram, and its ruler Pakubuwana III , was a client of the colonial VOC, responsible for ruling the interior of Java. Mangkubumi, offended by the great influence the Dutch held over the Javanese kingdom, fought an extended war against the VOC and Mataram for control. His army won, and he was awarded part of the kingdom in exchange. The other half of the kingdom continued to be ruled from Surakarta, about 60 km to the east. Upon his victory, Mangkubumi became Sultan Hamengkubuwono I , the first sultan of Yogyakarta.
During the Indonesian war of independence against the Dutch after World War II ( 1945- 1950), the capital of the newly-declared Indonesian republic was temporarily moved to Yogyakarta when the Dutch reoccupied JakartaThis page is about the capital city of Indonesia. For an entry on The Apache Jakarta project, see Jakarta Project''. Jakarta known as Djakarta or DKI Jakarta is the capital city of Indonesia, located on the island of Java. It has an area of 650 kmē and a. When Indonesia won its independence, the Sultanate of Yogyakarta, then under the ruler Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX , declared itself to be part of Indonesia. Due to this declaration, Yogyakarta is granted the status of Daerah Istimewa (Special Region), equal to a province. Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX became the governor for life. The current ruler of Yogyakarta is Sultan Hamengkubuwono X. Sultan Hamengkubuwono X was elected governor by the people of Yogyakarta directly, defying the will of the central government to install somebody else as governor.
Yogyakarta is subdivided into five districts (kabupaten). The districts are (with the capital city in brackets):
Yogyakarta is known for its silver work, leather puppets used for shadow plays ( wayang kulitWayang is the Indonesian term for puppet, and the term refers to any and all of the numerous varieties of puppetry found in the archipelago. Wayang the Javanese word for puppet, also connotes "spirit. Performances are typically accompanied by gamelan musi), and a unique style of of making batikBatik by Janet Whitehead Batik is a wax-resist dyeing technique used on fabric. Batik is found in several countries. The island of Java in Indonesia is famous for its batik. Melted wax is applied to cloth before being dipped in dye. Wherever the wax has s dyed fabric. It is also known for its vivid contemporary art scene.