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Xanadu (or Shangdu) was the summer capital of Kublai Khan's empire ( 1215 - 1294), which covered much of Asia.

The Mongolian Khans made very few changes to their country, imbibing much of the Confucianist and Taoist philosophies, and remodelling their government on the native dynasties they had defeated. However, they opened up the empire to westerners, allowing travellers like Venetian explorer Marco Polo in 1275 to report the wonders of the Eastern capital to their fellow Europeans.

The reported splendour of Xanadu later inspired Samuel Taylor Coleridge to write his great poem Kubla KhanKubla Khan is a poem by Samuel Taylor Coleridge about the Mongol/ Chinese emperor Kublai Khan, of the Yuan dynasty. Coleridge claimed that it was written in the autumn of 1797 at a farmhouse near Exmoor, but it may have been composed on one of a number of and caused Xanadu to become a metaphor for opulence. Xanadu is remembered today largely thanks to this poem, which contains the following often-quoted lines:

In Xanadu did Kubla Khan
A stately pleasure-dome decree

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Other meanings

The term Xanadu is widespread and used for many other subjects. Most uses of the word trace its origins to the meaning discussed above.



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