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Donovan was a college football star at Columbia University, graduating in 1905. On the football field, he got the nickname that he would earn over and over again in a long and eventful life: "Wild Bill" Donovan.

Donovan was a member of the New York City "Establishment," a powerful Wall Street lawyer and a Columbia University Law classmate ( 1907) of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, although they were not close at the time.

In 1912, Donovan formed and led a troop of cavalry, New York State Militia (a forerunner of the National Guard), that in 1916 served on the Mexican border in the Pancho VillaFor information about the boxer, see Pancho Villa (boxer . Jose Doroteo Arango Arambula ( June 5, 1878 July 20, 1923) — better known by his nom de guerre Francisco Villa or, in its diminutive form, Pancho Villa — was one of the foremost generals of the Me campaign.

During World War IWorld War I (also known as the First World War , the Great War the War of the Nations and the "War to End All Wars") was a world conflict occurring from 1914 to 1918. No previous conflict had mobilized so many soldiers, or involved so many in the field of, Donovan organized and led a regiment of the United States ArmyThe Army is the branch of the United States armed forces which has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. As of fiscal year 2002 (FY02), it consisted of 480,000 soldiers on active duty and 555,000 in reserve (350,000 in Army National G, the 165th Regiment of the 42nd Division, on the battlefield in France. As a lieutenant colonel, he was awarded the Medal of HonorThe Medal of Honor is the highest military decoration in the United States of America. It is awarded "for conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of life, above and beyond the call of duty. Three different medals currently exist, one each for th, the highest American valor award, for leading a successful assault, despite serious wounds. By the end of the war he was a full colonel and his other awards included the Distinguished Service CrossThe United States Distinguished Service Cross (DSC) is a military medal for gallantry awarded to a person serving with the U. The medal is awarded for a distinguished act of heroism that does not merit the Medal of Honor but that involves exceptional risk, the second highest award, and three purple hearts.

After the war, he was the U.S. Attorney for the Western District of New York, famous for his energetic enforcement of ProhibitionFor the judicial writ of prohibition, see Prohibition (writ). For prohibition of drugs in general, see Prohibition (drugs . Prohibition was the period between 1919- 1932 in Finland (called 'kieltolaki'), between 1900 and 1948 in locations in Canada and be, and he ran unsuccessfully for public office. President Calvin CoolidgeCalvin Coolidge Order 30th President Term of Office August 3, 1923 March 4, 1929 Predecessor Warren G. Harding Successor Herbert Hoover Date of Birth Thursday, July 4, 1872 Place of Birth Plymouth, Vermont Date of Death Tuesday, January 5, 1933 Place of D named him to the Justice Department's Antitrust Division.

After the start of World War II, President Franklin Roosevelt began to put the United States on a war footing. After Navy Secretary Frank Knox recommended Donovan, Roosevelt gave him a number of increasingly important assignments, trusting him absolutely until Roosevelt's death in 1944, even though they were political opponents — Roosevelt was a Democrat and Donovan a lifelong Republican.

In 1940 and 1941 he served as an emissary and information gatherer for Knox and President Roosevelt, traveling to Britain and parts of Europe that were not under Nazi control.

In June 1941, Donovan received what would be his most important assignment: Roosevelt named him Coordinator of Information (COI). This made him the first overall chief of the United States Intelligence community, which at the time was fragmented into Army, Navy, FBI, State Department, and other interests. The FBI retained its independence, and control of intelligence in South America, at the insistence of FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover.

The COI became the OSS and Donovan was returned to active duty in his WWI rank of Colonel (by war's end he would be Major General). The OSS was responsible for espionage and sabotage in Europe and in parts in Asia. The OSS was kept out of South America by Hoover's hostility to Donovan, and out of the Philippines by Douglas MacArthur's. For many years the exploits of the OSS remained under wraps, but in the 1970s and 1980s significant parts of the OSS history were declassified, making Donovan a household name to a new generation.

After Roosevelt's death, Donovan's political position, which depended on his personal connection to the President, was substantially weakened. He argued forcefully for the retention of the OSS in the years after the war, but President Harry S. Truman was not interested. After the war, he reverted to his lifelong role as a lawyer to perform one last duty: he served as special assistant to chief prosecutor Telford Taylor at the Nuremberg Tribunal. There he got the personal satisfaction of seeing Nazi leaders who were responsible for torturing and murdering OSS agents brought to justice. For his WWII service, Donovan received the Distinguished Service Medal, the highest award the United States military gives for service (not valor).

At the conclusion of the trial, he returned to Wall Street where his firm, Donovan, Leisure, Newton and Irvine, was a powerhouse. He remained always available to the postwar Presidents who needed his counsel — or his intelligence management experience.

Donovan's son, David Rumsey Donovan , was a naval officer who served with distinction in WWII. His grandson William James Donovan served as an enlisted soldier in Vietnam.

Donovan died on February 8, 1959 at Walter Reed Army Medical Center, in Washington, D.C., and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery. President Dwight D. Eisenhower referred to him as "the Last Hero," which later became the title of a biography of him. After his death, Donovan was awarded the Freedom Award of the International Rescue Committee (not, as some biographies state, the "Medal of Freedom," a different award). The law firm he founded, Donovan, Leisure, was dissolved in 1998.