The Weimar Republic was in existence for thirteen years. In that time, some 40 parties were represented in the Reichstag. This fragmentation of political power was in part due to the peculiar parliamentary system of the Weimar Republic, and in part due to the many challenges facing German democracy in this period.
1 Weimar Political Parties
Bayerische Volkspartei (BVP) — Bavarian People's Party, a Catholic and conservative party
Christlich-soziale Partei — The Christian Social Party was founded by Stoecher in 1878. It sought to lead the lower social classes away from Marxian socialism and toward a conservative-Christian authoritarian state. It had an anti-semitic message which had more success amongst the middle class.
Christian National Peasants' and Rural Peoples Party (splinter party)
Deutsche anti-semitische Vereinigung — German Anti-Semetic League (splinter party)
Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (DAP) — The German Workers' Party was formed in 1919, by Anton Dexler with Gottfried Feder, Dietrich Eckart and Karl Harrer. This party added the adjective "National Socialist" in its name and became the "National Socialist German Workers' Party".
German Conservative Party renamed itself the German National People's Party (DNVP), a nationalist party.
Deutsche Demokratische Partei (DDP) — German Democratic Party. A left-wing social-liberal party. Their party newspapers were the Vossische Zeitung and the Volkswacht.
Deutsche Partei (DP) —
Deutsche Rechtspartei (DRP) — a splinter party.
Deutsche Reformpartei —, a splinter party.
Deutsche Reichspartei (DRP) —
Deutschvölkische Freiheitspartei (DVFP) — German Ethnic Freedom Party; This was the party of General Ludendorff. It campaigned for an authoritarian regime that would be very nationalistic and promoting socioeconomic questions. It also sought to close the stock exchanges and nationalize the banks. In May 1924, it obtained 6.4 percent to the vote but fell to 3 percent in the next election. This caused it to later merge with the Nazi Party (NDSAP).
Deutsche Volkspartei (DVP) — German People's Party. It was a right-wing liberal party. Gustav Stresemann was its chairman.
Deutschnationale Volkspartei (DNVP) — German National People's Party It presented itself as a Volksgemeinschaft or non-class party. It included remnants from the German Conservative Party, the Free Conservative Party, the Völkische movement, the Christian Social movement and the Pan-German Association and some National Liberals. It established two labor unions; one for the blue collar worker (the DNAB) and one for the white-collar worker (DNAgB), which had been politically unimportant.
Organized the National Opposition in 1929, together with leaders of the Stahlhelm, Dr. Schacht, the president of the central bank and Hitler's Nazi Party, to oppose Chancellor Hermann Müller?s Grand Coalition.
Deutscher Volksverein — The German People's League was started in 1881 by Max Liebermann von Sonnenberg , a former officer, and Bernhard Förster , Nietzsche's bother in law.
Deutsches Landvolk. Cover name for the Christian National Peasant/Rural Party in the 1930 Reichstag elections.
Deutschsozialistische Partei (DSP) — The so-called "German-Socialist" Party. It was headed by Julius Streicher, and it was also highly organized, despite having a rather small size. In a controversial move, it dissolved itself in 1922 and many of its members entered the (then very young) Nazi Party.
The German State Party (DStP) — Formed in 1930 by the DDP, the People's National Reich Association and remains of the Christian Trade Unionists. It was composed of the DVP and DDP. In 1930, it published a "Manifesto of the German State Party".
Mehrheitssozialdemokratische Partei (MSPD)The Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands is the second oldest political party of Germany still in existence and also one of the oldest and largest in the world, celebrating its 140th anniversary in 2003. Rooted i — Majority Social Democrats (later (and before 1918) the Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands - Social Democratic Party (SPD)); they supported the parliamentary system of democracy, and extensive social programs in the economy.
Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (NSDAP) — (National Socialist German Workers' Party or the Nazi Party) It advocated Volksgemeinschaft, a unity of all classes, following the corporatistThe term corporatism has different meanings in different contexts. Most notably, the historical usage of the term is not the same as its modern usage. This article deals with both types of "corporatism". Historical meaning of the term Historically, corporfascist model.
Soziale Reichspartei — Social Reich Party
Unabhängige Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands (USPD)1919 The Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany Unabhangige Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands or USPD was a short-lived political party in Germany during the Second Reich and the Weimar Republic. The history of the USPD began on December 21 —, "Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany" - left wing faction that split from the SPD. It was a MarxistMarxism is the political practice and social theory based on the works of Karl Marx, a 19th century philosopher, economist, journalist, and revolutionary, along with Friedrich Engels. Marx drew on Hegel's philosophy, the political economy of Adam Smith, R party that sought change through parliament and social progressive programs. Its party newspaper was the Vorwärts.
Volksnationale Reichsvereinigung (People's National Reich Association.)
Wirtschaftspartei. (Economic Party.)
Zentrumspartei — Center Party was the traditional Catholic party. Their party newspaper was the Germania.
Agarian League of Farmers League. It took the name Reichslandbund (RLB) after 1920.
Allgemeiner Deutscher Beamtenbund (ADB) a civil servant?s league started by the SPD.
Bauernbund (Peasant League) operated throughout Germany but especially in its stronghold of Bavaria. It had democratic, anticlerical leanings and subscribed to a narrow Bavarian particularism
Bauernvereine. Farmers' associations associated with the Center Party and were located in the Catholic west and south.
Bauernverein. Peasant association located in Schleswig-Holstein. Without religious ties, it initially supported a liberal economic and political policy.
Christian Social Movement
Deutsche Landwirtschafsrat (German Agricultural Council)
Federation of German Retail Business
Green Front. An umbrella group which consisted of the Landbund (RLB), the Deutsche Bauernshaft (formerly Bauernbund), the Association of Christian-German Peasant Unions, and the German Agricultural Council. It too heavily promoted the JunkerSee Junker (disambiguation) for other meanings. Junkers (pronounced YOON-kers were the landed aristocracy of Prussia and Eastern Germany. Junker" in German did orginally mean "young lord", and is understood as country squire''. The title also appears in Ds interest and drove many farmers out.
Landvolkbewegung (Landvolk) A movement of Schleswig-Holstein formed by farmers in the aftermath of the January 1928 demonstration.
Reichsbund der Deserteure — National Association of Deserters; led by Karl Liebknecht; formed before the breakup from the Independent Socialists.
Allgemeiner freier Angestelltenbund (AfA) white-collar employee union affliated with the SPD-dominated free trade unions.
Deutscher Landarbeiterverband (German Agricultural Labor Union). SPD organized.
Deutschnationaler Handlungsgehilfenverband (DHV) (National Association of Commercial Employees.) — the conservative white collar worker union. The DHV leadership did not fully support the NSDAP because it didn't recognize the independence of unions.
Gesamtverband Deutscher Beamtengewerkschaften (GDB) was a conservative civil service union.
Gewerkschaftsbund der Angestellten (GdA) was a Hirsch-Duncker union.
Gewerkschaftsbund deutscher AngestelltenverBände (Gedag) Conservative white-collar union
Reichsbund Deutscher Angestellten-Berufsverbände Conservative white-collar union.
Vereinigung der chrislichen-deutschen Bauernvereine (Association of Christian-German Peasant Unions.
Zentralverband der Angestellten (ZdA), an association of white-collar unions started by the SPD.
1.3 Other Organizations
Alldeutscher Verband (Pan-German Association)
Katholische Burschenvereine. Catholic youth associations that the Catholic Church started in southern Germany to provide Catholic youth with numerous activities.
Deutsches Handwerk. German crafts organization headed by Zeleny. Zeleny advocated positions that would improve conditions for the old middle class. It would later back the NSDAP.
Organization Consul (OC) — In July 1921, Captain Ehrhardt and several members of his brigade formed this organization to commit political assinations.(2)
Feme — an irregular tribunal based on ones from medieval Germany that at the time would administer justice when the government was too weak to maintain order. (Both of these organizations overlapped.)(2)
2 List by Abbreviation
ADB — Allgemeiner Deutscher Beamtenbund
AfA — Allgemeiner Freier Angestelltenbund
BVP — Bavarian Peoples Party
Center — Catholic Center Party
DAF — German Labor Front
DAP — German Workers Party
DBB — German Civil Servant’s League
DDP — German Democratic Party
DHV — Deutschnatinaler Handlungsgehilfenverband (National Association of Commercial Employees).
DNAP — Deutschnational Arbeiterband
DNAgB — Deutschnationaler Angestelltenbund
DNVP — German National People’s Party
DSP — German Socialist Party
DStP — German State Party
DVFP — German Ethnic Freedom Party
DVP — German People’s Party
GdA — Gewerkschaftsbund der Angestellten
GDB — Gesamtverband Deutscher Beamtengewerkschaften
Gedag — Gewerkschaftsbund deutscher Angestelltenverbände
KPD — Communist Party of Germany
NSDAP — National Socialist German Workers Party
NSFP — National Socialist Freedom Party
NSV — National Socialist People’s Welfare
OC *mdash; Organization Counsul
RDA — Reichsbund Deutscher Angestellten-Berufsverbände