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It rises in a wet plateau of the island's central highlands, in the Alaka'i Swamp , the largest high-elevation swamp in the world. It flows south, passing through the spectactular 3,000-foot deep (900 m) Waimea Canyon, known as the "The Grand Canyon of the Pacific."
It enters the Pacific Ocean at Waimea, near the 1778 landing place of Captain Cook on Kauai.