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Wenceslaus III was the son of Wenceslaus II, King of Bohemia and Poland, and Judith von Habsburg, the daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf I. He had the problem that at his time there were internal quarrels in Hungary and in Poland, i. e. in countries that he ruled/wanted to rule.
Wenceslaus was the last of the Premyslid rulers of Bohemia. His sister, Elizabeth (Elika), heiress of Bohemia, married John "The Blind" of Luxembourg.
His father accepted the crown of Hungary on behalf of Wenceslaus III in 1301. On August 27August 27 is the 239th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (240th in leap years), with 126 days remaining. Events 479 BC Battle of Plataea ends the Persian invasion of Greece, Mardonius routed by Pausanias, the Spartan commander of the Greek army. 1301, Wenceslaus III was crowned in SzékesfehérvárSzekesfehervar is a city in central Hungary, located around 65 km southwest of Budapest. It is inhabited by 104,059 people (2001), with 138,995 in the direct vicinity, and is the centre of the Fejer county. Etymology of the name Its name means "royal whit as the King of Hungary and as such assumed the name Ladislaus V (Hungarian: V. László, Czech and Slovak: Ladislav V.). At that time the Kingdom of HungaryThe Kingdom of Hungary is the name of a multiethnic kingdom that existed from 1000 to 1918. It arose in present-day western Hungary and subsequently spread to remaining present-day Hungary, to Transylvania (in present-day Romania), Slovakia, Carpatho-Ukra was de-facto split into several principalities ruled by the corresponding nobles and Wenceslaus was only accepted as the king of Hungary by the rulers in SlovakiaSlovakia ( Slovak: Slovensko is a landlocked republic in Central Europe. It borders the Czech Republic in the northwest, Poland in the north, Ukraine in the east, Hungary in the south, and Austria in the southwest. Slovenska Republika ( In Detail) Nationa ( Matthew CsákMatthew Csak III (of Trencin) ( MatuS Cak III (Trenciansky), Chak, Chaak, Czak; in Hungarian Csak Mat (about 1260 1321) was called the ruler of the Vah and the Tatras region, and lived in Trencin castle in Slovakia. Although never being an official king o and the Omodej s) and western present-day Hungary (the Güssings [Köszegs]). Within the chaos in Hungary, the Omodejs and Matthew Csák switched the sides in 1303 and started to support Wenceslaus' antiking Charles Robert of Anjou. Consequently, the young Wenceslaus, sitting in Buda, got afraid and wrote to his father in Prague to help him. His father took a big army and invaded Buda, but having considered the situation, he took his son and the Hungarian crown and they went home to Bohemia. Ivan of Güssing was named to represent Wenceslaus III in Hungary. After his father's death, Wenceslaus III. definitively decided to waive the Hungarian throne, and on December 6 1305 he relinquished the crown to Otto, Duke of Lower Bavaria. But even Otto, who was still only supported by the Güssings, was jailed in 1307 and waived the throne in 1308, so that Charles Robert became the only ruler of Hungary.