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| Contents | ||
| Bundesland | AT-9 ( ISO) |
| Capital | Wien |
| Governor | Michael Häupl (SPÖ) |
| Area - Total | Ranked 9th 414 km² |
| Population - Total (2001) - Density | Ranked 1st 1,550,123 3,376/km² |
| The state of Wien on the map of Austria | |
Vienna ( German: Wien [viːn]) is the capital of Austria, and also one of Austria's nine federal states (Bundesland Wien). Situated on the river Danube, it is surrounded by the Austrian federal state of Lower Austria. With a population of about 1.6 million, Vienna is the largest city and the cultural and political centre of Austria.
The United Nations Industrial Development Organization UNIDO, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC and the International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA are situated in Vienna, together with many other international institutions and companies.
Vienna was originally a Celtic city founded around 500 BC. In 15 BC, it became a frontier city ("Vindobona") guarding the Roman Empire60 and 400 with major cities. During this time only Dacia and Mesopotamia were added to the Empire but were lost before 300. The Roman Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman state in the centuries following its reorganization under t against the German tribes to the north. In the Middle AgesThe Middle Ages formed the middle period in a schematic division of European history into three 'ages': Classical civilization, the Middle Ages, and Modern Civilization. It is commonly dated from the end of the Western Roman Empire ( 5th century) until th, it became the home of the BabenbergOriginally from Bamberg in Franconia, now northern Bavaria, the Babenbergs or Babenberger ruled Austria as counts of the march and dukes from 976 1248, before the rise of the house of Habsburg. The earliest known ancestor of the Babenbergs was one Poppo, and, later, the HabsburgHabsburg (also spelled Hapsburg was one of the ruling houses of Europe: rulers of Austria (as dukes 1282 1453, archdukes 1453 1804, and emperors 1804 1918), kings of Bohemia 1526 1618 and 1621 1918, kings of Spain ( 1516 1700), and Holy Roman Emperors for dynasties and through the latter the capital of the Holy Roman EmpireThe Holy Roman Empire ( German: Heiliges Romisches Reich was a political conglomeration of lands in western and central Europe in the Middle Ages. Emerging from the eastern part of the Frankish realm after its division in the Treaty of Verdun ( 843), it l and later the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The OttomanOsmanlı İmparatorluğu Devlet-i Aliye-i Osmaniye The Ottoman Coat of Arms Imperial motto: unknown The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital İstanbul ( Constantinople) Sovereigns Sultans Turkish invasions of Europe in the 16th15th century 16th century 17th century more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. Events Beginning of the " Little Ice Age" a cooling period that resulted in lower crop yi and 17th centuries were stopped at Vienna. See the Battle of Vienna ( 1683). In 1815, Vienna was the site of the Congress of Vienna which redrew national boundaries in Europe after the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte at the Waterloo.
During the Cold War, Vienna was a hotbed of international espionage owning to its location in neutral Austria, between the Western and Eastern blocs.
Other famous Viennese features include the Lipizzaner stallions, the Vienna Boys' Choir (Wiener Sängerknaben), Wiener Schnitzel, Sachertorte, and various pastries . Viennese cafes claim to have invented the process of filtering coffee from the captured baggage after the second Turkish siege of 1683.