Science  People  Locations  Timeline
Index: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Home > Urkesh


 

Urkesh was a city situated in the foothills of the Taurus Mountains in what is now northern Syria It was founded during the third millennium BC by the Hurrians on a site which appears to have been inhabited on a small scale for centuries (at least since 5000 BC, the date of the earliest known remains found there). Although many aspects of its history remain obscure, it appears to have been a city-state governing a kingdom possibly called Nawar. It came under the control of the Akkadian Empire in what is believed to have been a dynastic alliance between the kings of Urkesh and Akkad, with the daughter of the Akkadian king, Naram-Sin, being married to the king of Urkesh.

During the second millennium BC the city passed into the hands of the rulers of Mari, a city a few hundred miles to the south. The king of Urkesh became a vassal (and apparently an appointed puppet) of Mari. The Urkeshites evidently resented this, as the royal archives at Mari provide evidence of their strong resistance; in one letter, the king of Mari tells his Urkesh counterpart that "I did not know that the sons of your city hate you on my account. But you are mine, even if the city of Urkesh is not."

The city appears to have been abandoned about half-way through the second millennium BC, though the reason for this is as yet unknown.

The genealogy and identity of Urkesh's rulers is largely unknown, but the following names have been identified as being those of the city-state's kings. The first three known kings (only two of whom are known by name) bore the Hurrian title endan:

The site, at Tell Mozan, has been under virtually constant excavation since 1984 as a joint effort between the Syrian government and various European (principally Italian) archaeological institutes.

External links

Ancient history Middle East

Read more »

Non User