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A urinalysis (or "UA") is an array of tests performed on urine, usually used in medical diagnosis. The greater part of a urinalysis can be performed by using urine dipsticks, in which the test results can be read as color changes.A typical medical urinalysis usually includes:
Pregnancy may be checked for by screening a woman's urine for the hormone hCG. Home testing kits have been developed for this purpose.
Drug testDrug testing is a subject of a lot of controversy. Many people have argued that this is an invasion of privacy. The NIDA 5 Federal government guidelines (by NIDA-The National Institute on Drug Abuse and SAMHSA-The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Serviceing uses urinalysis to test for certain chemicalA chemical is any substance used in or obtained by a process in chemistry: A chemical compound is a substance consisting of two or more chemical elements that are chemically combined in fixed proportions. A chemical element is a substance that cannot be ds which are typically present in the urine only after recreational drug useRecreational drug use is the use of psychoactive drugs for recreational rather than medical or spiritual purposes, although the distinction is not always clear. Regardless of medical supervision, this label does not apply to the use of drugs for utilitari. These tests must be requested specifically or as part of a toxicologytoxicology Toxicology is the study of the symptoms, mechanisms, treatments and detection of biological poisoning, especially the poisoning of people. The chief criterion regarding the toxicity of a chemical is the dose, i. the amount of exposure to the su screen, and are not part of a routine urinalysis. Such tests are frequently requested for employment reasons, whereby a certain organization seeks to avoid hiring people using certain drugs, either for safety reasons (as in the case when a person is employed to operate dangerous machinery) or for legal and public relations reasons, as several common types of drug use are officially forbidden in much of the world. More often, these tests are performed at the behest of the legal system--by a policeFor the band, see The Police. For the Polish town, see Police, Poland. Police forces are government organisations ostensibly charged with the responsibility of maintaining law and order. The word comes from the French, and less directly from the Greek pol or probationProbation is the suspension of a prison sentence the criminal who is "on probation" has been convicted of a crime, but instead of serving prison time, has been found by the Court to be amenable to probation and will be returned to the community for a peri officer, by court orderA court order is an official proclamation by a judge (or panel of judges) that defines the legal relationships between the parties before the court and requires or authorises the carrying out of certain steps by one or more parties to a case. It can be a, or as part of a court-ordered drug treatmentDrug treatment can mean either: Treatment of illness with drugs see Medicine. Treatment of drug addicts. program.
Ethical and moral concerns have been raised concerning the propriety of forbidding individuals to use recreational drugs in their free time, when not actually working, by indiscriminately testing for any drug use at all within a long time frame (the hair may be tested for drug residue that is months or years old); and for opening the possibility of other tests (such as a pregnancy test) being performed without the person's knowledge or consent.
Sports teams frequently check for barred muscle-building drugs such as anabolic steroids via urinalysis, and various schools and parents have drug tested their children to check for illegal drug use, particularly marijuana smoking in teenagers.
"U.A." is sometimes used as a shorthand way of referring to urinalysis, especially among people who have to take the test frequently, such as participants in a drug treatment program.
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