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The treaty provided for the protection of the Cossack state of Rus'-Ukraine ( Ruthenia) during the Bohdan Khmelnytsky rebellion, by the Tsar of state of Muscovy (Russia). Participants in the preparation of the treaty at Pereyaslav included the Cossack Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky, numerous Cossacks and large visiting contingent from Russia and translators. The original copies of the treaty have perished, and the exact nature of the relationship stipulated by this treaty between Ukraine and Russia is a matter of scholarly controversy.
Whatever the nature of the treaty, the consequences were more clear over time. Major consequences of the treaty included the separation of Ukraine from formerly dominant Catholic Poland, the strengthening of Orthodoxy in the historic center of Ukraine, and the eventual domination of Ukraine by neighboring Orthodox RussiaThe Russian Federation ( Russian: , transliteration: Rossiyskaya Federatsiya or Rossijskaja Federacija , or Russia (Russian: , transliteration: Rossiya or Rossija , is a country that stretches over a vast expanse of eastern Europe and northern Asia. With.
In the long run, the consequences for Ukraine were pivotal. Polish colonization and Polonization of the upper class soon became replaced by a systematic process of RussificationThis article is about the political term. For localization of computers and software, see Russification (computers). Russification refers to both official and unofficial policies of Imperial Russia and Soviet Union with respect to their national constitue, culminating in the Ems UkazEms Ukaz (sometimes Ems Ukase was a secret ukaz of tsar Alexander II of Russia issued in 1876 banning the use of Ukrainian language in print, with the exception of reprinting of old documents. It was named after the city of Ems, Germany. The Ems Ukaz was, which banned the Ukrainian languageUkrainian is an East Slavic language, one of three members of this language group, the other two being Russian and Belarusian. Written Ukrainian bears resemblances to these two languages, but with many notable differences. Historically, Belarusian and Ukr. Also suppressed was the distinct identity of the Kievan Church of Rus': both branches of the Ukrainian Church resulting from the Union of BrestThe decision of the ( Ruthenian) Church of Rus', the "Metropolia of Kiev-Halych and all Rus'", to break relations with the Patriarch of Constantinople and place themselves under the (patriarch) Pope of Rome in 1595- 1596 is termed the Union of Brest ( Bel were suppressed. The Ukrainian Orthodox ChurchThe Ukrainian Orthodox Church UOC is currently separated into three major jurisdictions: that body of Christians from Ukraine who are united under the Patriarch of Moscow, who in turn is in communion with the other patriarchs of the Eastern Orthodox Churc, favored by the Cossacks at Kiev, was transferred in 1686 from the jurisdiction of the Patriarch of Constantinople to the recently-established Patriarch of Moscow. The Ukrainian Catholic Church was restricted, then completely dismantled by Tsarist authorities over the following 200 years.
For Poland, the treaty marked a beginning of sorts of a process of dismemberment leading to complete loss of independence (1795).
For Russia, the treaty eventually led to the acquisition of Rus' proper, providing an additional justification for the ambitious title of Russian rulers of the use of the term, Rus', since Ivan III: Grand Duke of the Whole Rus' (Velikij Kniaz Vseya Rusi) and later, Tsar of the Whole Rus'.
This treaty is seen by Ukrainian nationalists as a sad occasion of the lost chance for Ukrainian independence. Pro- communist and pro-Russian Ukrainian parties celebrate the date of this event calling for the re-unification of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus, even though Belarus' was not involved in the original event.