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Landlocked Afghanistan has no functioning railways, but the Amu Darya (Oxus) River, which forms part of Afghanistan's border with Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan, has barge traffic. During their occupation of the country, the Soviets completed a bridge across the Amu Darya and built a motor vehicle and railroad bridge between Termez and Jeyretan.
Most road building occurred in the 1960s, funded by the U.S. and the Soviet Union. The Soviets built a road and tunnel through the Salang Pass in 1964, connecting northern and southern Afghanistan. A highway connecting the principal cities of Herat, Kandahar, Ghazni, and Kabul with links to highways in neighboring Pakistan formed the primary road system.
The highway system requires almost total reconstruction, and regional roads are in a state of disrepair. The poor state of the Afghan transportation and communication networks has further fragmented and hobbled the struggling economy.
Railways:
Highways: (1998 est.)
Waterways: 1,200 km
note: chiefly Amu Darya, which handles vessels with DWT up to 500 (2001)
Pipelines: petroleum products - Uzbekistan to Bagram and Turkmenistan to Shindand ==note==: product pipelines from Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan have been in disrepair and disuse for years (2002) ; natural gas 180 km
Ports and harbors: Kheyrabad , Shir Khan
Airports: 47 (2002 est.)
Airports - with paved runways: (2002 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways: (2002 est.)
Heliports: 5 (2002 est.)
Information from the CIA World Factbook, 2003 edition.
Transportation in Afghanistan