Home > Towns of Scania

The Swedish term for town/city, stad, is by the Scanians primarily used for towns chartered with full town privileges before the industrial revolution. The Swedish term for village, by, similar to the Danish word for town/city, is in many context used for most other built-up areas, including them with a known history of over 1,000 years (as for instance Dalby), small hamlets, and large suburbs as long as detached houses dominate. In more official contexts, the Swedish terms samhälle and tätort/centralort may be used instead of the term by that by many Swedes rather would be interpreted as "hamlet".

An intermediate position is occupied by towns chartered without full town-privileges, cf. market towns, originally with the now obsoleted term köping in Swedish, and those chartered in the late 19th to 20th century. In a Scanian mindset, a "real" town is primarily characterized by a long history, evidenced by old architecture, winding streets echoing the town's organic growth, and main roads running from a central square to neighbouring towns. In ordinary conversations and in news paper prose, a characterization of these newer or lesser towns as either towns or villages is typically avoided whenever possible, but if necessary småstad ("small-town") or tätort ("locality") may be considered appropriate.

The towns lost their function as administrative entities in 19711971 is a common year starting on Friday (click for link to calendar). Events January January 1 British divorce Reform Act comes into force January 2 66 die in stairway crush at Rangers v Celtic football match, Glasgow, Scotland. See Ibrox disaster. Janua, when they were replaced by the unitary authoritiesA unitary authority is a term used in a two-tier local government system to describe a unit of local government that operates as a single tier. New Zealand In New Zealand a unitary authority is a territorial authority (district or city) which also perform, which became the Municipalities of SwedenThe Municipalities or Kommuner represent the local level of self government in Sweden. Each municipality also belong to one of the 21 Counties of Sweden or Lan''. Municipalities can be further divided into boroughs stadsdelsnamnder or kommundelsnamnder .. The towns retains some symbolic tokens of their former liberties, such as using a mural crown in their coats of arms.

So defined, the following towns in Scania are typically perceived as "stad" in Swedish, and might best be translated to city in English:

• Lund (chartered approximately 990Centuries: 9th century 10th century 11th century Decades: 940s 950s 960s 970s 980s 990s 1000s 1010s 1020s 1030s 1040s 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999 1000 Events: Sei Shonagon writes The Pillow Book, a compilation of her daily observations, though), historically the cultural centre of Scania and for extended times of all of ScandinaviaScandinavia is the cultural and historic region of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The Scandinavian countries are Norway, Sweden and Denmark, which mutually recognize each other as parts of Scandinavia. The collective label "Scandinavia" reflects the cultural
• Helsingborg (chartered in 1085Events May 25 Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toledo, Spain back from the Moors. Domesday survey commissioned by William I of England to ensure proper taxation and levies. Births Deaths May 25 Pope Gregory VII 1085.), of strategic importance at the neck of The Sound
• Skanör and Falsterbo (chartered approximately 1200), situated at the southern entrance to The Sound, of particular importance in medieval times, widely renowned for the annual herring market from which salted herring was delivered to the Hanseatic towns on the European continent
• Ystad (chartered approximately 1200), harbour at the Baltic Sea and traditionally the principal port to the European continent
• Trelleborg (chartered approximately 1200), harbour at the Baltic Sea of importance already in pre-historical times
• Malmö (chartered approximately 1250), established as the fortified harbour of Lund, within a few centuries arguably the richest and most important town in Scania
• Simrishamn (chartered approximately 1300), sole town on Scania's eastern shore, principal port to the large island of Bornholm, that until 1660 was an integrate part of Terra Scania
• Landskrona (chartered in 1413), good natural harbour between Malmö and Helsingborg, considered as the best site for a regional capital
• Kristianstad (chartered in 1622), erected as a castle against the threatening Swedes, the last town to be chartered before the decline that followed the cession to Sweden

The town of Åhus was chartered approximately 1200 at the mouth of Helge å where the archbichopric had built a castle at the harbour on Scania's eastern shore. The town suffered from the Danish reformation (in 1536) and even more from plunderings during extended Swedish–Danish wars of the 15th–17th centuries. The town was moved (or the privileges were) to Kristianstad in 1617.

The town of Ängelholm was chartered 1516– 1547, originally erected when moved the three kilometres from the natural harbour of Luntertun . Ängelholm was of strategic importance at the North-Western entrance to Scania, at a bridge over Rönne å . Ängelholm was granted full town-privileges again in 1767, but remained insignificant for long. In the early 19th century, its population was less than 500. Although Ängelholm today is larger than many older cities, the town is rather perceived as one of the "intermediate" towns that isn't really called a stad by the Scanians.

Similarly, others of the towns listed above may be considered towns and not cities according to locals, which is a "problem" that occurs only in English, not in Swedish.

The judicial relevance of the notion of towns was abolished in 1971, which was generally interpreted as an official abolition of the very term town. Since the 1990s, many of the municipalities centred on the historical towns listed above have successfully reintroduced the notion of town, and in some cases officially changed their name to Malmö stad (the City of Malmö) and equivalents.

Another route is taken by the municipality of Staffanstorp, that from the 1990s actively has promoted the construction of neighbourhoods with streets and architecture that looks similar to century-old houses in towns of Holland, Denmark and northern Germany. That is how a town-centre in Staffanstorp (population 13,500) is erected as well as the new medieval-inspired Jakriborg district of Hjärup , planned for 1,300 apartments. This might, in due time, change the common perception of Staffanstorp and Hjärup from that of villages to that of (small-) towns.