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The work was written in Italian in 1602, shortly after Campanella's imprisonment for heresy and sedition. A Latin version was written in 1613– 1614 and published in Frankfurt in 1623.

The City of the Sun is presented as a dialogue between "a Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller and a GenoeseAlternate uses, see Genoa (disambiguation). Genoa ( Italian Genova (jen'o-vah), Genoese Zena (zay'nah), French Genes is a city and a seaport in northern Italy, the capital of Liguria. It has a population of ca. Genua was a city of the ancient Ligurians. Sea-Captain". Inspired by Plato's RepublicThe Republic is perhaps Plato's best-known dialogue and one of his most influential. In it, he explains, through the character of Socrates, the fundamentals of his political philosophy (presented, stylistically, via the concept of a Utopia), his ethics, a and the description of AtlantisAtlantis was a legendary ancient culture and island, whose existence and location have never been confirmed. The first mentions we have are from the classical Greek philosopher Plato, who said that it was destroyed by a natural disaster (possibly an earth in TimaeusTimaeus is a theoretical treatise of Plato, written circa 360 B. which conjectures on the composition of the four elements which the ancient Greeks thought made up the universe: earth, water, air, and fire. Plato conjectured each of these elements to be m, it describes a theocraticTheocracy is a form of government in which the governmental rulers are identical with the leaders of the dominant religion. In a theocracy, governmental policies are either identical with or strongly influenced by the principles of the majority religion, society where goods, women and children are held in common. In the final part of the work, Campanella prophesies — in the vealed language of astrology — that the Spanish kingsThis is a list of Spanish monarchs that is, rulers of united Spain. The forerunners of the Spanish throne were the following: Kings of Aragon and Counts of Barcelona Kings of Castile and of Leon Kings of Navarre These lineages were eventually united by th, in alliance with the PopeThis article is about the Catholic pope. See Pope (disambiguation) for other meanings of the word pope. The Pope is the Catholic bishop and patriarch of Rome, and ex officio supreme spiritual leader of what might be called the Catholic Communion (that is,, are destined to be the instruments of a Divine Plan: the final victory of the True Faith and its diffusion in the whole world. While one could argue that Campanella was simply thinking of the conquest of the New WorldThe New World is one of the names used for the continents of North and South America and adjacent islands collectively, in use since the 16th century. The continents were new to the Europeans, who knew the world consisting only of Europe, Asia, and Africa, it seems that this prophecy should be interpreted in the light of a work written shortly before The City of the Sun: The Monarchy in Spain, in which Campanella exposes his vision of a unified, peaceful world governed by a theocratic monarchy.