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1 Usage

2 Filename extensionA filename extension or filename suffix is an extra set of (usually) alphanumeric characters that is appended to the end of a filename to allow computer users (as well as various pieces of software on the computer system) to quickly determine the type of

3 MIMEMultipurpose Internet Mail Extensions MIME is an Internet Standard for the format of e-mail. Virtually all Internet e-mail is transmitted via SMTP in MIME format. Internet e-mail is so closely associated with the SMTP and MIME standards that it is sometim-Type

4 See also

5 External links

In computing, the tar file format is a type of archive file format: the Tape ARchive format. These files are produced by the Unix command tar and were standardized by POSIX.1-1998 and later POSIX.1-2001. It is used widely to archive and unarchive files, which means to accumulate a large collection of files into a single archive file (packer), while preserving file system information such as user and group permissions, dates, and directory structures. In the Unix tradition of "one job, one program", it does not support compression directly.

tar was originally developed for use with sequential access devices such as tape drives, specifically for backup purposes. Somewhere along the line the -f argument was added and tar is now more frequently used as a general archive utility. tar's linear roots can still be seen in its slow partial extraction performance, when it has to read through the whole archive to extract only the final file. Commonly a tar file is referred to as a tarball.

tar is most commonly used in tandem with an external compression utility such as gzip, bzip2 or, formerly, compress, since it has no built in data compression facilities. These compression utilities generally only compress a single file, hence the pairing with tar, which can produce a single file from many files. One might think this requires more steps, but it is possible to use the Unix pipeIn the context of Unix and Unix-like operating systems, as well as MS-DOS, a pipe signifies that the output of one program (" stdout") feeds directly as input (" stdin") to another program. Any error messages from the first program (" stderr") are not pas capability to combine the two steps manually. Also, the GNUFor the African animal gnu see wildebeest. logo Believed to be the original artwork of Etienne Suvasa GNU is a recursive acronym for "GNU's Not Unix". The GNU project was launched in 1983 by Richard Stallman with the goal of creating a complete operating version of tar supports the command line options -z (gzip), -j (bzip2), and -Z (compress), which will compress the archive file it creates.

1 Usage

To pack files, use the following commands:
- Simple tar file: tar -cf packed_files.tar file_to_pack1 file_to_pack2 ...
- To pack and compress one step at a time:
  - tar -cf packed_files.tar file_to_pack1 file_to_pack2 ... gzip packed_files.tar
- To pack and compress all at once:
  - tar -cf - file_to_pack1 file_to_pack2 ... | gzip -c > packed_files.tar.gz
To unpack tar files, use the following commands:
- Simple tar file: tar -xf file_to_unpack.tar
- One step at a time
  - gunzip packed_files.tar.gz tar -xf packed_files.tar
- All at once: gunzip -c packed_files.tar.gz | tar -xf -


To use bzip2 instead of gzip, simply replace the commands above with bzip2 where gzip is used and bunzip2 where gunzip is used.
Using  GNUFor the African animal gnu see wildebeest. logo Believed to be the original artwork of Etienne Suvasa GNU is a recursive acronym for "GNU's Not Unix". The GNU project was launched in 1983 by Richard Stallman with the goal of creating a complete operating tar's compression flag feature:

 To pack and compress:
 Using  gzip: 


tar -czf packed_files.tgz file_to_pack1 file_to_pack2 ...

 Using  bzip2: tar -cjf packed_files.tbz2 file_to_pack1 file_to_pack2 ...
 Using  compress: tar -cZf packed_files.tar.Z file_to_pack1 file_to_pack2 ...
 Using some other arbitrary compression utility that works as a filter: tar --use-compress-program=name_of_program -cf packed_files.tar.XXX file_to_pack1 file_to_pack2 ...

To uncompress and unpack:
 gzip compressed tar file: tar -xzf file_to_unpack.tar.gz
 bzip2 compressed tar file: tar -xjf file_to_unpack.tar.bz2
 compress compressed tar file: tar -xZf file_to_unpack.tar.Z
 Arbitrary compression utility compressed tar file: tar --use-compress-program=name_of_program -xf file_to_unpack.tar.XXX







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2  Filename extensionA filename extension or filename suffix is an extra set of (usually) alphanumeric characters that is appended to the end of a filename to allow computer users (as well as various pieces of software on the computer system) to quickly determine the type of
.tar
.tar.gz or .tgz (only when compressed by gzip)
.tar.bz2, .tbz2, or .tbz (only when compressed by bzip2)
.tar.Z (only when compressed by compress)

3  MIMEMultipurpose Internet Mail Extensions MIME is an Internet Standard for the format of e-mail. Virtually all Internet e-mail is transmitted via SMTP in MIME format. Internet e-mail is so closely associated with the SMTP and MIME standards that it is sometim-Type
application/x-tar

4 See also
 ar (Unix)
 shar

5 External links
Official website of GNU tar
7-Zip is an  LGPL licensed utility that supports several compression formats including  GZIP,  BZIP2 and  TAR.
Detailed information on tar and USTAR file headers

 Data compression software
 Archive formats





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