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The system extends along a curve from Lake Egridir in the west to the upper reaches of the Euphrates River in the east. It has many peaks rising above 10,000–12,000 ft (3,000–3,700 m) in elevation. The pass that was known in Antiquity as the Cilician Gates crosses the range north of Tarsus.
Limestone has eroded to form karstic landscapes of waterfalls, underground rivers, and the largest caves of Asia.