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Systems theory focuses on complexity and interdependence. It has a strong philosophical dimension, because applied to the human mind and society, it results in unusual perspectives. In recent times complex systemComplex systems have a number of properties, some of which are listed below. It is also often used as a broad term addressing a research approach which includes ideas and techniques from chaos theory, artificial life, evolutionary computation and genetics has increasingly been used as a synonym. Systems theory has also been developed within sociology. The most notable scientist in this area is Niklas LuhmannNiklas Luhmann ( December 8, 1927 November 6, 1998) was a German sociologist, administration expert, and social systems theorist, as well as the founder of the sociological systems theory. Luhmann was born in Luneburg, Germany. He studied law at the Unive (see Luhmann 1994).

Part of systems theory, system dynamicsSystem dynamics is one approach to modelling the dynamics of population, ecological and economic systems, which usually interact strongly with each other. Systems dynamics was founded in the early 1960s by Jay W. Forrester of the MIT Sloan School of Manag is a method for understanding the dynamic behavior of complex systems. The basis of the method is the recognition that the structure of any system -- the many circular, interlocking, sometimes time-delayed relationships among its components -- is often just as important in determining its behavior as the individual components themselves. Examples are chaos theoryChaos theory in mathematics and physics, deals with the behaviour of certain nonlinear dynamical systems that (under certain conditions) exhibit the phenomenon known as chaos most famously characterised by sensitivity to initial conditions (see butterfly and social dynamicsSocial dynamics means the ability of a society to react to inner and outer changes and deals with its regulation mechanisms. Social dynamics is a mathematically inspired concept to analyse societies, building upon systems theory and sociology. Sociologist.

In recent years, the field of systems thinkingSystems thinking involves the use of various techniques to study systems of many kinds. It includes studying things in a holistic way, rather than purely reductionist techniques. It aims to gain insights into the whole by understanding the linkages, inter has been developed to provide techniques for studying systems in holistic ways to supplement more traditional reductionistic methods. In this more recent tradition, systems theory is considered by some as a humanistic counterpart to the natural sciences.