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In a neuron, synaptic vesicles, also called neurotransmitter vesicles, store the various neurotransmitters that are released during calcium-regulated exocytosis at the presynaptic terminal into the synaptic cleft of a synapse. They are essential for the propagation of nerve impulses between neurons and are constantly recreated by the cell.

Synaptic vesicles are made of a bilipid layer in which transport proteins specific to each type of neurotransmitters are inserted. Neurotransmitters are moved from the cytoplasm into the vesicles by active transport mechanisms involving an exchange of protons. The necessary proton gradient is created by hydrogen ATPase . The stoichiometry for the movement of different neurotransmitters into a vesicle is given in the following table.

Neurotransmitter type(s)	Inward movement	Outward movement
norepinephrine, dopamine, histamine, serotonin and acetylcholine	neurotransmitter⁺	2 H⁺
GABA and glycineThis is an article about Glycine, the amino acid. For the plant genus containing the soybean, see Glycine (plant) Glycine is a nonpolar amino acid. It is the simplest of the 20 natural amino acids; its side chain is a hydrogen atom. Because there is a sec	neurotransmitter	1 H⁺
glutamate	neurotransmitter^- + Cl^-	1 H⁺

NeuroscienceNeuroscience is a field of study which deals with the structure, function, development, genetics, biochemistry, physiology, pharmacology and pathology of the nervous system. The study of behavior and learning is also a division of neuroscience. The biolog

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Topics: Synaptic Vesicle, Synaptic Plasticity, Synaptic Inputs...

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Synaptic vesicleIn a neuron, synaptic vesicles also called neurotransmitter vesicles store the various neurotransmitters that are released during calcium-regulated exocytosis at the presynaptic terminal into the synaptic cleft of a synapse. They are essential for the pro	SynapticsSynaptics is a touchpad OEM provider. Synaptics is located in San Jose, California and was founded in 1986. As of 2004, the CEO is Francis Lee. Synaptics provides many features in their touchpad drivers for free, including many advanced programming abilit

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