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The synapsids are a group of extinct vertebrate animals. The name is derived from the fact that their skull only has one opening on each side behind the eyes. (cf. Diapsid). Synapsids seem to have evolved from proto-'reptiles' during the Upper Carboniferous, (about 300 million years ago). They were the dominant terrestrial animals of the Permian period, but were almost exterminated by the Permian-Triassic extinction event. More derived representatives belong within Therapsida.
Three orders of therapsids survived into the Triassic. Two of these, the dicynodonts and cynodonts, flourished but then mostly died out during the Carnian, Upper Triassic.
Some exceptions were the yet still further derived eucynodontsEucynodonts Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Therapsida Class: " Reptilia" Taxon Eucynodontia Families UNDER CONSTRUCTION a number of other families Tritylodontidae Tritheledontidae Ref. Eucynodontia includes the most mammal-like of the " mamma. At least three groups of them survived.
- The extremely mammal-like family, Tritylodontidae , survived into the Lower CretaceousThe Cretaceous period is one of the major divisions of the geologic timescale, reaching from the end of the Jurassic period (about 135 mya) to the beginning of the Paleocene epoch of the Tertiary period (65 mya). The end of the Cretaceous also defines the.
- An extremely mammal-like family, Tritheledontidae , are unknown beyond the Lower JurassicThe Jurassic period is a major unit of the geologic timescale that extends from about 135 million years BP at the end of the Triassic to 195 million years BP at the beginning of the Cretaceous. As with other geologic periods, the rock beds that define the.
- The third group, Morganucodon and similar animals, were stem-mammals .
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