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Sub-Saharan Africa, Africa south of the Sahara Desert, is the term is used to describe those countries of Africa that are not part of North Africa. Sub-Saharan Africa is also known as Black Africa or as Dark Africa (though some consider these terms to be offensive).Sub-Saharan corresponds with the standard representation of North as above and South as below.
This division of Africa has arisen from the perception of North Africa as predominantly Arab or Berber in ethnicity or culture and the perception of sub-Saharan Africa as predominantly black in ethnicity or culture, and from the geographic separation of the two regions by the sparsely populated Sahara Desert. North Africa has long been integrated with the Mediterannean and the Middle East. Sub-Saharan Africa, on the other hand, had sporadic contacts with the rest of the world before the modern era partially due to the effect of endemic diseases like Malaria. While the coasts received visits by traders, much of the interior of the continent remained unknown to the outside world until the colonial era.
With a few exceptions, such as Mauritius and South Africa, sub-Saharan Africa is one of the poorest regions in the world, and it contains many of the least developed countries.
The exact position of the dividing line between the two regions is not clear. However, according to one classification of the two regions, sub-Saharan Africa includes forty-eight nations. Forty-two of these nations are on the African mainland. In addition, four island nations in the southwest Indian Ocean (Madagascar, The Comoros, Mauritius, and Seychelles) and two island nations in the Atlantic Ocean (Cape Verde and Sao Tome and Principe) are considered part of Africa. According to this classification scheme, the countries of sub-Saharan Africa are:
Central Africa
- Central African Republic
- ChadThe Republic of Chad is a country in central Africa that borders Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest and Niger to the west. Jumhuriyat Tashad Republique du Tchad In Detail
- Democratic Republic of the CongoThe Democratic Republic of the Congo called Zaire between 1971 and 1997, is a nation in central Africa. It is sometimes called Congo-Kinshasa after its capital, to distinguish it from the Republic of Congo, or Congo-Brazzaville''. It borders on Republic o
- Republic of the CongoThe Republic of the Congo also known as Middle Congo Congo-Brazzaville and Congo (but not to be confused with the Democratic Republic of the Congo, formerly Zaire, which was also at one time known as the Republic of the Congo , is a former French colony o
Eastern Africa
- BurundiBurundi is a small landlocked nation in the Great Lakes region of Africa. It is bordered by Rwanda, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Tanzania. History Main article: History of Burundi Burundi existed as an independent kingdom from the sixteenth centur
- ComorosThe Union of Comoros (until 2002 the Islamic Federal Republic of the Comoros is an independent country at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel in the Indian Ocean, between northern Madagascar and northern Mozambique. The country consists of three vo
- DjiboutiThe Republic of Djibouti is a country in eastern Africa, located in the Horn of Africa. Djibouti is bordered by Eritrea in the north, Ethiopia in the west and south, and Somalia in the south east. The remainder of the border is formed by the Red Sea and t
- EritreaAnother article treats the Greek city of Eretria. The State of Eritrea is a country in northeast Africa. It is bordered by Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south, and Djibouti in the east. The northeast of the country has an extensive coastline with the
- EthiopiaThe Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Ityop'iya Amharic ) is a country of northeastern Africa. It has one of the most extensive known histories as an independent nation in the continent. Unique among African countries, the Ethiopian monarchy maintai
- Kenya
- Seychelles
- Rwanda
- Somalia -- Somaliland -- Puntland
- Tanzania
- Uganda
Southern Africa
Western Africa
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