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The seats of the Southland Regional Council, Southland District Council and the Invercargill City Council are in Invercargill. Southland District includes the towns of Winton, Lumsden and all of Stewart Island.
The region is home to Fiordland National Park and includes Stewart Island, much of which is set aside as Rakiura National Park.
In the 19th century, Southland became a province, but later rejoined Otago after financial difficulties.
| Regions of New Zealand |
|---|
| North Island: Northland | Auckland | Waikato | Bay of Plenty | Gisborne* | Hawke's Bay | Taranaki | Manawatu-Wanganui | Wellington |
| South Island: Tasman* | Marlborough* | Nelson* | West Coast | Canterbury | Otago | Southland |
| * unitary authorities |