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The Lakota ("friends" or "allies", sometimes also spelled "Lakhota", and pronounced "Lakxóta" by the Lakota people) are a Native American tribe, also known as the Sioux (see Names ). The Lakota are part of a band of seven tribes that speak three different dialects, the other two being the Dakota and the Nakota. The Lakota are the western most of the three groups, occupying lands in both North and South Dakota. The Nakota, the smallest division , reside on the Yankton reservation in South Dakota, while the Dakota live mostly in Minnesota and Nebraska.

In Nebraska on September 3, 1855, 700 soldiers under American General William S. Harney avenged the Grattan Massacre by attacking a Sioux village killing 100 men, women, and children. Seven years later on November 5, 1862 also in Minnesota, more than 300 Santee Sioux were found guilty of rape and murder of white settlers and were sentenced to hang.

1 The Lakota

The Lakota after the adoption of the horseThis article discusses ungulate mammals. For other meanings of horse see Horse (disambiguation). The Horse Equus caballus is a large ungulate mammal, one of the seven modern species of the genus Equus''. It has long played an important role in transportat were part of the Great Plains Culture , living in the northern Great PlainsThe Great Plains or High Plains are the elevated plains which lie east of the Rocky Mountains in the United States of America and Canada, covering the states of New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, Wyoming, Montana, South Dakota and No, which centered on the buffalo and the horse. There were 20,000 Lakota in the mid- 18th century17th century 18th century 19th century more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701- 1800; however, historians will sometimes specifically refer to the 18th Century as 1715- 89,. The number has now increased to about 70,000, of which perhaps a quarter still speak their ancestral language.

Because the Black HillsThe Black Hills is a small isolated mountain range rising from the Great Plains of North America in western South Dakota and extending into Wyoming. Set off from the main body of the Rocky Mountains, the region is somewhat of a geographic anomaly. The reg are sacred to the Lakota, they object to miningSilver City, New Mexico is an open-pit copper mine Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually (but not always) from an ore body, vein or (coal) seam. Materials commonly recovered by mining include b in the area, which has been attempted since the 19th centuryAlternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical ( 18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801- 1900. Events The Little Ice Age ended. In 1868Events January 3 Meiji Emperor declares " Meiji Restoration", his own restoration to full power, against the supporters of the Tokugawa Shogunate. January 10 Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu declares emperor's declaration "illegal" and attacks Kyoto. Pro-Emperor, the US government signed a treaty with them exempting the Black Hills from all white settlement forever. Four years later, gold was discovered there, and an influx of prospectors descended upon the area, abetted by army commanders like General George Armstrong Custer. The latter tried to administer a lesson of noninterference with white policies. Instead, the Lakota with their allies, the Arapaho and the Cheyenne, defeated the 7th U.S. Cavalry in 1876 at the Battle of the Little Bighorn, known also as Custer's Last Stand, since he and 300 of his troopers perished there. But, like the Zulu triumph over the British three years later, it was a Pyrrhic victory. The Lakota were defeated decisively by the U.S. Army subsequently, culminating, fourteen years later, in the Massacre of Wounded Knee.