Home > North-West Rebellion

After the so-called Red River Rebellion of 1869 - 1870, many of the Metis moved from Manitoba to Saskatchewan, then part of the Northwest Territories, founding a settlement at Batoche on the South Saskatchewan River. However, as in Manitoba, settlers from Ontario began to arrive, and land began to be arranged in the square concession system of English Canada, rather than the seigneurial system of strips along a river that the Metis learned from their French-Canadian ancestors.

In 1884 the Metis asked Louis Riel to return from the United StatesThe United States of America also referred to as the United States U. America ¹ or the States is a federal republic in central North America, stretching from the Atlantic in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west. It shares land borders with Canada in, where he had fled after the Red River Rebellion, to appeal to the government on their behalf. The government gave a vague response. In March of 18851885 is a common year starting on Thursday (click on link for calendar) Events January January 4 The first successful appendectomy is performed (Dr. William Grant; patient was Mary Gartside). January 20 L. Thompson patents the roller coaster. January 26 T, Riel, Gabriel DumontGabriel Dumont (December, 1837 May 19, 1906) was a leader of the Metis people of what is now western Canada. In 1873 Dumont was elected to the presidency of the short-lived commune of St-Laurent; afterward he continued to play a leading role among the Met, Honoré JacksonWilliam Henry Jackson also known as Honore Jackson or Jaxon ( May 13, 1861 January 10, 1952) was a leader of the North-West Rebellion in Canada in 1885. He was born in Wingham, Ontario to a Methodist family and attended the University of Toronto. In 1881 (also known as Will Jackson), and others set up a provisional government, believing that he could influence the federal government the same way he had in 1869. However, there was now a railway line across Canada, and the North West Mounted Police had been created. He lacked support from both the English settlers of the area and many of the non-Metis natives, and due to his belief that GodThis article focuses on the concept of singular, monotheistic God . See deity, gods, or goddesses for details on divine entities in specific religions and mythologies. God is a term referring to the supreme being generally believed to be ruler or creator had sent him back to Canada as a prophet, the Catholic ChurchThis article considers Catholicism in the broadest ecclesiastical sense. See Catholicism (disambiguation) for alternative meanings Catholicism has two main ecclesiastical meanings, described in Webster's Dictionary as: a) "the whole orthodox Christian chu no longer supported him either.

On March 26March 26 is the 85th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (86th in leap years). There are 280 days remaining. Events 1026 Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II as Holy Roman Emperor. 1552 Guru Amar Das becomes the Third Sikh Guru 1636 Utrecht University is, 1885, Dumont defeated a small group of North-West Mounted Police and English settlers at Duck Lake , outside Batoche. In response, the federal government sent 3000 troops under Major General Frederick Middleton to the area, where Middleton incorporated the 2000 English volunteers and NWMP who had organized themselves since Duck Lake.

On April 24 Middleton was attacked by the Metis at Fish Creek , and despite being heavily outnumbered and outgunned the Metis fought to a stalemate. On May 2 Lieutenant Colonel William Otter was defeated by native chief Poundmaker at the Battle of Cut Knife near Battleford. Meanwhile, Major General Thomas Bland Strange brought a NWMP detachment from Calgary, Alberta, but they were unable to defeat a native force under Big Bear at Frenchman's Butte at the end of May.

On May 9 Middleton attacked Batoche itself. The Metis quickly ran out of ammunition and resorted to firing pebbles from their guns, until they were forced to retreat. Riel was captured on May 15, while Dumont, Jackson, and the other leaders fled across the border to the United States. Poundmaker and Big Bear also later surrendered. The government was able to pacify the natives by sending them food and other supplies; Poundmaker and Big Bear were sentenced to prison, and eight other native leaders were hanged. Riel was tried and hanged as well, sparking a national controversy between French and English Canada.

The Canadian Pacific Railway played a key role in the Rebellion, transporting federal troops to the area in a fraction of the time that it took to send troops in response Riel's previous rebellion. The successful operation gave the foundering and incomplete railway enough political support to receive sufficient funds to finish the line completely.

Riel was believed to be suffering from the mental condition of megalomania

See also History of Canada