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Sandford Fleming was born in Kirkcaldy, Fife, ScotlandScotland or in Scottish Gaelic, Alba is a country and former independent kingdom of northwest Europe, and one of the four nations comprising the United Kingdom. Scotland occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Scotland took part in a p, and in 1845Events January 29 The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe is published for the first time New York Evening Mirror . March 1 President John Tyler signs a bill authorizing the United States to annex the Republic of Texas. March 3 Florida is admitted as the 27th U., at the age of 17, he emigrated with his older brother David to OntarioOntario ( In Detail) ( In Detail) Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Loyal she began, loyal she remains Capital Toronto Largest City Toronto Area Total % fresh water 4th largest(2nd lgst prov. 1 076 395 km² 14. 7% Population Total (2001) Density Rank (then the colony of Upper CanadaUpper Canada is an early name for the land at the upstream end of the Saint Lawrence River in early North America the territory south of Lake Nipissing and north of the St. Lawrence River and Lakes Ontario and Erie plus the eastern shoreline of Georgian B). Their route took them through much of the Canadian colonies, Quebec City, MontrealMontreal (/mVn. tri"Al/ in English, /mO~. re"al/ in French) is the largest city in the province of Quebec, Canada, where it also constitutes an administrative region. It is Canada's second most populous city after Toronto ( Statistics Canada), and the sec, Kingston, OntarioKingston, Ontario with a population of approximately 127,436 people, is located at the eastern end of Lake Ontario, where the lake runs into the St. Lawrence River and the Thousand Islands begin. Kingston is nicknamed the "Limestone City" because of the m, finally settling in Peterborough, OntarioPeterborough City nickname: "The Electric City Area¹ Total Water 58. 61 km²? km² ?% Population Total ( 2001)¹ Density¹ 76,931 1218. 9/km² % Change ( 1996 2001): 2. 4 Latitude Longitude 44° N79° W 1. Dwellings:30,804¹ Postal Code:K9H, K9J, K9K, K9L Area Co with their cousins.

His inventive mind was at work almost immediately, and in 1847 he started testing what appears to be the first in-line roller skate. In 1849 he established the Royal Canadian Institute, which was formally incorporated on November 4, 1851. In 1851 he designed the Threepenny Beaver, the first Canadian postage stamp. Throughout this time he was fully employed as a surveyor, mostly for the Grand Trunk Railway. His work for them eventually gained him the position as Chief Engineer of the Northern Railway in 1855, where he tirelessly advocated the construction of iron bridges instead of wood for safety reasons.

In 1858 he first proposed a coast to coast railway line spanning all of British North America. The timing was not quite right, but a few years later he was appointed as the sole engineer to supervise the survey of the proposed Intercolonial Railway, linking the Maritime provinces with Quebec. He moved for a time to Halifax, Nova Scotia during construction, where he built a house on the seaward end of town. In 1872 the newly formed Canadian government decided to build the rail link to the Pacific Ocean, and naturally the job of surveying the route fell to Fleming. Over the next few years he supervised both the Intercolonial and the Canadian Pacific Railway, a job he completed in 1876. Fleming was present when Donald Smith drove in the "last spike" in Craigellachie, British Columbia in 1885, but was now a board member of the Canadian Pacific company.

After missing a train in 1878, he proposed Standard Time at a meeting of the Royal Canadian Institute in 1879, promoting it (and modifying it considerably) until it was accepted worldwide in 1884. This system, with some major modifications, remains the international standard today.

In 1880 he retired from the world of surveying, and took the position of Chancellor of Queen's University in Kingston, a position he held for his last 35 years. Not content to leave well enough alone, he tirelessly advocated the construction of a submarine telegraph cable connecting all of the British Empire, the All Red Line, which was completed in 1902. In his later years he retired to his house in Halifax, later deeding the house and the 95 acres to the city, which is Dingle Park today.

His accomplishments were well known world wide, and in 1897 he was knighted by Queen Victoria.