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Baliunas is primarily an astrophysicist and this is where the bulk of her research has been done (e.g. [1]). She studies visible and ultraviolet spectroscopy of stars; structure, variations, and activity in cool stars; evolution of stellar angular momentum; solar variability and global change; adaptive optics; exoplanets of Sun-like stars. More recently she has moved into the global warming area as a skeptic.
With Willie Soon, Dr. Baliunas investigated the correlation between solar variation and temperatures of the earth's atmosphere. When there are more sunspots, the total solar output increases, and when there are fewer sunspots, it decreases. Soon and Baliunas attribute the Medieval warm period to such an increase in solar output, and believe that decreases in solar output led to the Little Ice Age, a period of cooling from which the earth has been recovering since 1890.
Although the work of Soon and Baliunas is trumpeted by the Marshall Institute, Tech central station [2] and SEPP [3] [4] and mentioned in the popular press [5] and in IPCC reports [6] on global warming her viewpoint - that solar variation accounts for most of the recent climate change - is not widely accepted. They believe that solar variability is more strongly correlated with variations with air temperature than any other factor, even carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide is an atmospheric gas composed of one carbon and two oxygen atoms. One of the best known of chemical compounds, it is frequently called by its formula: :CO (pronunciation: "see oh two") Carbon dioxide results from the combustion of organic levels.
Baliunas is a strong disbeliever in a connection between CO2 rise and climate change, saying:
However, her main argument for this is ...measurements of atmospheric temperatures made by instruments lofted in satellites and balloons show that no warming has occurred in the atmosphere in the last 50 years. This was either untrue or misleading (see [8]) at the time, and is even less true now.