List Of Rulers Of Austria Origins Margraves Of Austria

3.2 Interregnum

The inheritage of the duchy passed to the Margraves of Baden through Frederick II's sister, Gertrude, but they did not manage to establish themselves in the country and were rejected by the estates

Herman VI of Baden ( 1248- 1250)
Frederick I of Baden ( 1250- 1251)

In 1251, Przemysl Ottokar II took control of the country.

Ottokar II of Bohemia ( 1251- 1278)

3.3 Habsburg Dukes of Austria

In 1278, Rudolph I defeated Ottokar and secured the duchy for the Habsburg dynasty, whose heads were often also Holy Roman Emperors.

Rudolph I (Rudolph I of the Holy Roman Empire) ( 1278- 1282)
Albert I (King of Germany from 1298) ( 1282- 1308) jointly with
- Rudolph II ( 1282- 1290)
- Rudolph III ( 1298- 1307)
Frederick I (Frederick (III.) as King of the Romans, but never ruled) ( 1308- 1330) jointly with
- Leopold I ( 1308- 1326)
Albert II ( 1330- 1358) jointly with
- Otto ( 1330- 1339)

4 Archdukes of Austria

In the Privilegium Maius of 1359, Rudolf attempted to elevate Austria to an archduchy. The title came into use only later and was first used by Ernest the Iron. Many of the dukes and archdukes were also Holy Roman Emperors.

Rudolph IV ( 1358- 1365)

The territories were split among different lines of the dynasty after 1379

Albertinian Line (Austria proper):
- Albert III ( 1365- 1395)
- Albert IV ( 1395- 1404)
- Albert V (Albert II of the Holy Roman Empire) ( 1404- 1439)
- vacant ( 1439- 1440)
- Ladislaus Posthumus ( 1440- 1457)
- vacant ( 1457- 1458)
Leopoldinian Line ( Styria, Carinthia, Tyrol and Vorderösterreich):
- Leopold III 1365- 1386
- William 1386- 1406
- Leopold IV 1386- 1411

In 1402, there was a split in the Leopoldinian Line:

- Inner Austria (Styria and Carinthia):
  - Ernest the Iron, 1402- 1424
  - Frederick V (Frederick III of the Holy Roman Empire) ( 1458- 1493)
  - Albrecht VI. 1446- 1463
- Tyrol:
  - Friedrich IV 1402- 1439
  - Siegmund 1439- 1490
Between 1485 and 1490, Matthias Corvinus of Hungary resided in Vienna as duke of Austria.

After 1490, the Austrian terriroties were reunified under Habsburg rule:

Maximilian I ( 1493- 1519)
Charles I (Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire) ( 1519- 1520)
Ferdinand I ( 1520- 1564)
Maximilian II ( 1564- 1576)
- Ferdinand II: Regent of Tirol (1564- 1595)
Rudolph V (Rudolf II of the Holy Roman Empire) ( 1576- 1608)
Matthias ( 1608- 1619)
Ferdinand II ( 1619- 1637)
Ferdinand III ( 1637- 1657)
Leopold V (Leopold I of the Holy Roman Empire) ( 1657- 1705)
Joseph I ( 1705- 1711)
Charles II (Charles VI of the Holy Roman Empire) ( 1711- 1740)
Maria Theresa ( 1740- 1780)
Joseph II ( 1780- 1790)
Leopold VI (Leopold II of the Holy Roman Empire) ( 1790- 1792)

5 Emperors of Austria

The Holy Roman Empire was abolished in 1806. Francis II had already taken the title of Francis I, Emperor of Austria, in 1804 (see Austrian Empire).

Francis I ( 1792- 1835) (Emperor of Austria from 1804)
Ferdinand I ( 1835- 1848)
Francis Joseph I ( 1848- 1916)
Charles I ( 1916- 1918)

6 Republic of Austria

In 1918, a Republic was established. The head of state is the Federal President (Bundespräsident), the (in practice much more important) head of government is the Federal Chancellor (Bundeskanzler).

For lists of officeholders, see

Home > List of rulers of Austria

1 Origins

2 Margraves of Austria

3 Dukes of Austria (from 1155)

3.1 Babenberg Dukes