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Its origin is to be found in the Roman oculus. During the Romanesque period, the oculus became a window, and from about the middle of the twelfth century its dimensions began to increase with the development of Gothic architecture. By the middle of the thirteenth century it had attained the greatest possible size -- the entire width of the nave.

The earliest important examples are the west rose of the Cathedral of Mantes (c. 1200), the west rose of Notre Dame de Paris (c. 1220), and those of Laon and Chartres. In all these cases, the rose was put under a circular arch. The next important step was to put it under a pointed arch, as was done in the Notre-Dame de Reims ( 1230Events Kingdom of Leon unites with the Kingdom of Castile. Approximate year of creation for the Carmina Burana poetry and song collection Births Jacobus De Voragine Italian chronicler, archbishop of Genoa (approximate year) Deaths September 23 or 24 Alfon), in the transeptTewkesbury Abbey. The transepts are coloured purple; the crossing is red. Full descriptions of the elements of a Gothic floorplan are found at the entry Cathedral diagram. In Romanesque and Gothic Christian church architecture, the transept is the area ses as well as in the later roses of the facade. Thereupon the rose was inscribed in square, with pierced spandrils as in the transepts of Notre Dame de Paris ( 1257Events La Sorbonne, the famous university in Paris, is founded Eutin in Schleswig-Holstein is given its city rights Henry III of England orders the production of a coinage of pure gold location of city Cracow Births Sancho IV king of Castile and Leon Deat). The last step was to place the roseAbout 100, see text References: 2002-05-29 A rose is a flowering shrub of the genus Rosa and the flower of this shrub. Description There are more than a hundred species of wild roses, mostly from the temperate northern hemisphere. The species form a group in the tier of lower windows, in which case it became the centre of a vast window composition, covering the whole end of the transepts, as in RouenRouen (population 110,000) is a city situated on the Seine river in Normandy, northern France. Population of the metropolitan area (in French: aire urbaine at the 1999 census was 518,316. Administration Rouen is the prefecture ( capital) of the Seine-Mari Cathedral. Rose window, Westminster Abbeyexoskeleton formed by flying buttresses. The Collegiate Church of St Peter, Westminster Westminster Abbey , a mainly Gothic church, on the scale of a cathedral, is the traditional place of coronation and burial site for English monarchs. It is located in north transept In England, the use of the rose window was usually confined to the transepts (illustration, right), although roses of great span were constructed in Byland Abbey and in the east front of Old St. Paul's Cathedral in London. In Germany, it was more frequently used as well in the Romanesque as in the Gothic period; a fine example is in the facade of the Cathedral of Strassburg. In Italy, it was particularly used by the Lombard architects, as in San Zeno in Verona, and in the Cathedral of Modena, and in the Tuscan Gothic churches like the Cathedrals of Siena and Orvieto.

In 1954, the French artist Henri Matisse created the Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Memorial Rose Window on the east wall of the Union Church of Pocantico Hills, New York .