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The House came to power with the election of Mikhail Feodorovitch Romanov as ruler of Russia in 1613 following a period of chaos known as the " Time of Troubles". Tenuous ties of marriage existed between the Romanovs and the previous dynasty of Rurikids. During the family's occupation of the throne, Russia slowly moved from a backward medieval culture to an industrial one. By the dawn of the 20th century it had become a leading European industrial power, though quite backward in political and social terms. However, the slow pace of progress proved simply not fast and effective enough, and the House of Romanov ultimately fell from power during the first Russian Revolution in 1917. Bolshevik authorities killed the last Romanov monarch, Nicholas II, and his immediate family in the cellar of the Ipatiev House in Yekaterinburg, Russia on July 17, 1918.

The Romanov family continues to exist today. However, despite the collapse of the Soviet Union and campaigning by their supporters for a return of a Romanov to the Russian throne as a constitutional monarch, it seems unlikely that they will ever regain power.

The Russian people have so far evidenced little popular support for the resurrection of a Romanov Russian monarchy, even on a constitutional basis. Currently two rival pretender candidates contend for any revived Russian throne.

See entries under:

• Michael I
• Aleksey IAleksey Mikhailovich Romanov ( March 9, 1629 (O. January 29, 1676 (O. was a Tsar of Russia. The son of Tsar Michael I and Eudoxia Stryeshnevaya, he was a youth at his father's death on July 23, 1645. Acceding to the throne, he was committed to the care of
• Feodor IIIFyodor III of Russia (In Russian: III ( June 9, 1661 May 7, 1682) Tsar of all the Russia, son of Alexei I (1629-1676) and Maria Ilinichna Miloslavskaya (1626-1669), reigned from January 29, 1676 to his death. He married, firstly, on July 28, 1680, Agafia
• Ivan VIvan V (In Russian: V ( 27 August ( O. 6 September 1666 29 January ( O. 8 February 1696) was joint tsar of Russia with Peter I and co-reigned during 1682- 1696. His reign was only formal, since he was an invalid, both physically and mentally. Russian tsar
• Peter IPeter I (Pyotr Alekseyvich) ( 9 June 1672 8 February 1725 [ 30 May 1672 28 January 1725 O. 1]) ruled Russia from 7 May ( 27 April O. 1682 until his death. Known as Peter the Great ( I , Pyotr Velikiy , he was at first a joint ruler with his weak and sickl (Peter the Great)
• Alexius PetrovichAlexius Petrovich in Russian) (1690-1718), a Russian tsarevich, was the son of Tsar Peter I and his first wife Eudoxia Lopukhina. Childhood The young Alexius was brought up by his mother. She had created an atmosphere of disdain towards Peter the Great, A
• Peter II
• Anna
• Elizabeth
• Peter III
• Catherine II (Catherine the Great)
• Paul
• Alexander I
• Nicholas I
• Alexander II
• Alexander III
• Nicholas II
• Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia (daughter of Alexander III)
• Alix of Hesse (Alexandra) ( Tsarina of Nicholas II)
• Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia (daughter of Nicholas II)
• Grand Duchess Tatiana of Russia (daughter of Nicholas II)
• Grand Duchess Maria of Russia (daughter of Nicholas II)
• Grand Duchess Anastasia of Russia (daughter of Nicholas II)
• Tsarevich Alexei of Russia (son and heir of Nicholas II)
• Michael II (son of Alexander III, to whom Nicholas II abdicated the Crown. Though known for a very short time as Michael II, he never reigned and is not generally counted as a Tsar.)