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Rishonim ( Hebrew - sing. Rishon) literally "the first," or "the former," is a term refering to the leading rabbis who lived approximately from 1250 to 1500, that is in the era before the writing of the Shulkhan Arukh and following the Geonim. Rabbinic scholars subsequent to the Shulkhan Arukh are known as " Acharonim - the latter". Jewish Law is hierarchical and precedent based, thus a Rishon may disagree with another Rishon, or with a Gaon, but his opinion is valid only insofar as it is based on that of an Amora. - See also: Rabbinic literature; Eras of history important in Jewish law
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