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Home > Radiology


 

Radiology is the branch of medical science dealing with the medical use of x-ray machines or other such radiation devices. It is also the examination of the inner structure of opaque objects using X rays or other penetrating radiation.

1 Subdivisions

As a medical specialty, radiology can be classified into two subfields. Diagnostic radiology is concerned with the use of various imaging modalities to aid in the diagnosis of disease. Interventional radiology uses these imaging modalities to guide minimally invasive surgical procedures.

Radiation therapy uses radiation to treat diseases such as cancer. While originally encompassed within radiology, therapeutic radiology -- or, as it is now called, radiation oncology -- is now a separate field.

2 Diagnostic radiology

Commonly used imaging modalities include plain radiography, computed tomography ( CT), magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI), ultrasoundUltrasound is sound with a frequency greater than the upper limit of human hearing, approximately 20 kilohertz. Some animals, such as dogs, dolphins, and bats, have an upper limit that is greater than that of the human ear and thus can hear ultrasound., and nuclear imaging techniquesNuclear medicine also known as radionuclide imaging, nuclear scintigraphy or simply "Nuc Med" and abbreviated to "NM", is a radiological modality primarily used diagnostically to investigate physiological function. Nuclear medicine has applications in neu. These techniques are usually non-invasiveThe term non-invasive in Medicine has two meanings: A medical procedure which does not penetrates or breaks the skin or a body cavity, i. it doesn't require an ( invasive) incision into the body or the removal of biological tissue. An abnormal tissue grow. Each of these modalities has strengths and limitations which dictate its use in diagnosis.

2.1 X-rays

Radiographs are often used to for quick evaluation of bonyFor other uses of the word "bone", see bone (disambiguation). Gray's illustration of a human femur, a typically recognized bone. Bone refers either to a hardened connective tissue or to one of the individual structures, or organs, into which it is formed, structures. Fluoroscopy, angiography and barium contrast studies are special applications of X-ray imaging, where an X-ray video camera allows the imaging of structures in motion or augmented with a contrast agent. Often, chemicals are injected, swallowed or otherwise administered into the body of the patient to help delineate certain parts of the body such as the blood vessels and gastrointestinal tract. These contrast materials, which strongly absorb X-ray radiation, also help to demonstrate dynamic processes, such as the motion of the digestive tract.

2.2 CT scanning

CT imaging uses X-rays in conjunction with computing algorithms to image a variety of soft tissues in the body. X-ray contrast is often used with CT as well. CT can generate much more detailed images than plain X-rays, but exposes the patient to more ionizing radiation.

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