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Diagnosis is via a careful history and physical examination. Palpation of the abdomen may reveal a mass in the epigastrium consisting of the enlarged pylorus with palpable peristaltic waves consisting of the stomach trying to force its contents past the narrowed pylorus. Further examination with a barium meal X-ray or gastroscopy may be performed if the pediatric surgeon deems it necessary.
Treatment of pyloric stenosis is with surgical pyloromyotomy - dividing of the muscle layer of the pylorus to release the pressure and open up the distal opening of the stomach to allow feeding to continue.