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Some of the 20 amino acids in the genetic code are called essential amino acids, because they cannot be synthesized by the body from other compounds through chemical reactions, but instead must be taken in with food. In humans, the essential amino acids are lysine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophanTryptophan is an amino acid and essential in human nutrition. It is one of the 20 amino acids in the genetic code ( codon UGG , and its symbol is Trp or W''. Molecular formula: C H N O Molecular weight: 204. 23 Isoelectric point: pH 5. 89 CAS number: 73-2, valineValine is one of the 20 most common natural amino acids on Earth, and is coded for in DNA. Nutritionally, valine is also an essential amino acid. In Sickle Cell Anaemia, it subsitutes for the hydrophilic glutamic acid amino acid in haemoglobin, and becaus, and (in children) histidineHistidine is one of the 20 most common natural amino acids, coded for in DNA. Nutritionally, in humans, histidine is considered an essential amino acid, but mostly only in children. The imidazole side chains of histidine and the relatively neutral pK (ca and arginineArginine is one of the 20 most common natural amino acids. Is has guanidino side chain functional group. In non-hepatic tissues, arginine can be biosynthesized by the ornithine cycle (or urea cycle). Even so, arginine is often classed as one of the 10 ess.