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A Plan prescribe proposed methods of moving towards or achieving one or more objectives or goals. Often structured, plans can occur in projects, diplomacy, careers, economic development, military campaigns, combat, or in the conduct of some business.
The term planning implies the working out of sub-components in some degree of detail. Broader-brush enunciations of objectives may qualify as metaphorical road map s.
Planning literally just means the creation of a plan; it can be as simple as making a list. It has acquired a technical meaning, however, to cover the area of government legislation and regulations related to the use of resources.
Planning can refer to the planned use of any and all resources (as in the succession of Five-Year Plans through which the government of the Soviet Union sought to develop the country. However, the term is most frequently used in relation to planning for the use of land and related resources, for example in urban planningUrban, city or town planning deals with design of the built environment from the municipal and metropolitan perspective. Other professions deal in more detail with a smaller scale of development, namely architecture and urban design. Regional planning dea, transportation planningTransportation planning is the field involved with the siting of transportation facilities (generally streets and highways and public transport lines). Transportation planning historically has followed the Rational Planning model of Defining Goals and Obj, and so forth.
Thus, in a governmental context, "planning" without any qualification is most likely to mean the regulation of land useLand use is the pattern of construction and activity land is used for. Patterns of land use arise naturally in a culture though customs and practices, but land use may also be formally regulated by Zoning, other laws or private agreements such as restrict.
The discipline of planning has occupied great minds and theoreticians. Concepts such as top-down planning (as opposed to bottom-up planning) reveal similiarities with the systems thinkingSystems thinking involves the use of various techniques to study systems of many kinds. It includes studying things in a holistic way, rather than purely reductionist techniques. It aims to gain insights into the whole by understanding the linkages, inter behind the Top-Down Model.