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The differences between Phoenician and Hebrew include certain sound changes: Proto-Semitic â (Hebrew ô) became û, while stressed Proto-Semitic a (Hebrew å) became o, as shown by Latin and Greek transcriptions like rus for "head, cape" (Hebrew rôš; furthermore, the three sibilants (sin, shin, samekh) seem to have merged at a fairly early stage, although the earlier inscriptions do still distinguish them. In later Punic dialect, the gutturals seem to have been entirely lost, and p to have become f throughout (rather than just after vowels, as in Hebrew.) Other differences include grammatical ones - eg the causative (Hebrew hiph‘îl) in yi- or ’î- (orthographically yp‘l, ’yp‘l) and the apparent survivals of case endings in early Phoenician - and vocabulary, for instance the use of kn (as in Arabic) rather than hyh for "be" and p‘l rather than ‘sh for "do", and exclusively bal rather than lô’ for "not".
The earliest known inscriptions in Phoenician come from Byblos and date back to ca. 1000 BC. Phoenician and Punic inscriptions are found in Lebanon, Syria, Israel, Cyprus, Sardinia, SicilySicily Sicilia in Italian) is an autonomous region of Italy and the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, with an area of 25,700 sq. 1 million inhabitants. Towns and Cities Sicily's principal cities include the regional capital Palermo, together with t, TunisiaTunisia is a Muslim Arab country situated on the North African Mediterranean coast. It borders on Algeria to the west and Libya to the south and east. El-joumhouriyya et-Tounisiyya Official language Arabic Capital Tunis President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali P, MoroccoAl Mamlakah al-Maghribiyah In Detail( Full size) Official language Arabic Capital Rabat Largest City Casablanca King Mohammed VI Prime Minister Driss Jettou Area Total Ranked 56th 446,550 km² Population Total (2003) Density31,689,267 70/km² Ranked 36th In, AlgeriaAlgeria is a country in northern Africa with a coast on the Mediterranean Sea along the north and bordered by Tunisia in the northeast, Libya in the east, Niger in the southeast, Mali and Mauritania in the southwest, and Morocco in the west (the Moroccan, and other locations as late as the early centuries of the Christian Era.
Knowledge of Hebrew aided the reconstruction of Phoenician inscriptions. One of the earliest essays in Phoenician language studies was Wilhelm GeseniusHeinrich Friedrich Wilhelm Gesenius ( February 3, 1786 October 23, 1842), was a German orientalist and Biblical critic. He was born at Nordhausen, Hanover. In 1803 he became a student of philosophy and theology at the University of Helmstadt, where Heinri (1786 - 1842), Scripturae linguaeque phoeniciae monumenta, 1837, analyzing texts from coins and monumental inscriptions. Nowadays one can study Phoenician in the U.S.The United States of America also referred to as the United States U. America ¹ or the States is a federal republic in central North America, stretching from the Atlantic in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west. It shares land borders with Canada in at Harvard UniversityHarvard University is a private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA and a member of the Ivy League. It was founded on September 8, 1636 by a vote of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, making it the oldest post-secondary s, Johns Hopkins UniversityThe Johns Hopkins University is a prestigious private institution of higher learning located in Baltimore, Maryland. Hopkins holds many "firsts" in American education: it was the first university in the United States to put an emphasis on research, founde, the University of Michigan and University of Chicago (the only place to study advanced Phoenician).
(see also Phoenician alphabet.)