Phencyclidine Chemistry And Pharmacology Medical Uses

PCP was used for several years in human anaesthesia, but patients became confused or delirious and experienced hallucinations afterwards. These effects, and its long half-life in the human body, made it unsuitable for medical applications. It is retained in fatty tissue and is broken down by human metabolism into PCHP, PPC and PCAA. When smoked, some of it is broken down by heat into 1-phenyl-1-cyclohexene (PC) and piperidine.

From the 1960s, PCP has been used medically only in veterinary medicine, mainly for horses, under the trade name of Sernylan. It was also placed in Schedule III of the Controlled Substances ActTheir Controlled Substances Act CSA , Title II of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970, is the legal foundation of the United States government's fight against the abuse of drugs and other substances. This law is a consolidation (CSA). In 1978Events January January 1 The Copyright Act of 1976 takes effect, making sweeping changes to United States copyright law. January 1 Air India's Boeing 747 explodes near Bombay 213 dead. January 4 Referendum in Chile supports policies of Augusto Pinochet. it was transferred to Schedule II of the CSA, and commercial manufacture was discontinued.

3 Recreational use

PCP is sometimes consumed recreationallyRecreational drug use is the use of psychoactive drugs for recreational rather than medical or spiritual purposes, although the distinction is not always clear. Regardless of medical supervision, this label does not apply to the use of drugs for utilitari, mainly in the United StatesThe United States of America also referred to as the United States U. America ¹ or the States is a federal republic in central North America, stretching from the Atlantic in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west. It shares land borders with Canada in. The limited demand is met by illegal production. The drug is sold in an extremely limited number of cities. It is available as a liquid (PCP base dissolved most often in etherFor ether in physics and philosophy, see Aether. For the Book of Mormon Prophet Ether see Book of Ether. Ether is the trivial name for the compound diethyl ether CHCHOCHCH; the systematic ( IUPAC) name of the compound is ethoxyethane . Alchemist Raymundus), but typically it is sprayed onto leafy material such as marijuana, mintThis article is about the herb. See Mint (disambiguation) for other meanings. Mentha aquatica ''Mentha arvensis ''Mentha citrata ''Mentha longifolia ''Mentha x piperita ''Mentha pulegium ''Mentha requienii ''Mentha spicata ''Mentha suaveolens True Mint s, oreganoOregano Origanum vulgare is a spicy, Mediterranean, perennial herb, particularly common in Greek and Italian cuisines. It is the leaves that are used in cooking, and the dried herb is often more flavourful than the fresh. Classification Oregano (also call, or parsley, and smoked.

In its pure form, PCP is a white crystalline powder that readily dissolves in water. However, most PCP on the illicit market contains a number of contaminants as a result of makeshift manufacturing, causing the color to range from tan to brown, and the consistency to range from powder to a gummy mass. The drug is mentioned far more than it is actually encountered, being one of the rarest scheduled substances (second to extracted purified mescaline).

4 Effects

Whether PCP has any strong and consistent effects which are markedly different from other similar compounds is controversial. Some think that the drug's effects are as varied as its appearance. It may be that a moderate amount of PCP will cause users to feel detached, distant, and estranged from their surroundings. Numbness, slurred speech, and loss of coordination may be accompanied by a sense of strength and invulnerability. A blank stare, rapid and involuntary eye movements, and an exaggerated gait are alleged to be among the more observable effects.

Auditory hallucinations, image distortion, severe mood disorders, and amnesia may also occur. In some users, PCP may cause acute anxiety and a feeling of impending doom; in others, paranoia and violent hostility; and in some, it may produce a psychosis indistinguishable from schizophrenia. Many believe PCP to be one of the most dangerous drugs of abuse. Modification of the manufacturing process may yield chemically related analogues capable of producing psychotic effects similar to PCP.

5 Trends

PCP production is centered in the greater Los Angeles metropolitan area. Los Angeles-based street gangs, primarily the Crips, continue to distribute PCP to many cities in the United States using their cocaine trafficking operations. These gangs pose a particular problem due to their propensity for violence. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the widespread availability and use of crack cocaine displaced demand for PCP. More recently, however, reporting suggests that PCP abuse is increasing slightly in many cities, as some crack addicts return to the use of this drug. For instance, the DEA Portland District Office reports a resurgence in the popularity of liquid PCP, also known as "sherm", among Portland area gangs. California street gangs reportedly are responsible for the reemergence of PCP in the Pacific Northwest. Treated cigarettes, which have a yellow tint caused by the liquid PCP, were first observed on the street in 1996, costing between $15 and $20 each. The DEA Philadelphia Field Division also reports that PCP was available readily in the region in 1998. The DEA seized three clandestine PCP laboratories in 2004.

6 Mythology

Moreso then any other illegal substance, PCP has developed an elaborate mytholigcal history surrounding it, spread by such reputable sources as Dare . PCP is said in this urban legend to do things like having the user have fully realistic hallucinations of insects on their face, causing them to rip their own face off. Another famous mention is in the movie Terminator, where Arnold Swartzenagers violent attacks including punching through a glass window without feeling it are attributed to PCP by the police. Dissasociative anesthetics like PCP however are noted for closed eye hallucinations , not fully realistic ones. They are also noted for being depressives, inhibiting movement, not encouraging aggression.

7 See also

Dissociatives

8 External link

Dissociative hallucinogens
{ DXM} { Ketamine} { Nitrous oxide} { PCP} { Salvinorin A}

Dissociatives Hallucinogens NMDA receptor antagonists Schedule II controlled substances

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