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He was born in Rio de Janeiro, the son of a Lebanese father and an English mother. He was educated at Marlborough College in WiltshireWiltshire (abbreviated Wilts is a large southern English county. Considered as a ceremonial county it borders those of Hampshire, Dorset, Somerset, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire, and contains the unitary authority of Swindon. Wiltshire is a m, and at Magdalen College, OxfordMagdalen College (pronounced maudlin is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. Magdalen is one of the most visited colleges in the university. Its large square tower is a famous landmark, and it is from the top. He was Mason Professor of Zoology at the University of Birmingham, later (at University College, London) the Jodrell Professor of Zoology, and then Director of the UK National Institute for Medical Research . He became a Fellow of the Royal SocietyThe Royal Society of London is claimed to be the oldest learned society still in existence and was founded in 1660. The Royal Irish Academy, founded in 1782, is also closely affiliated with it. The Royal Society of Edinburgh (founded 1783) is a separate S at the age of 34, and was elected to the New York Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the American Philosopical Society.
Peter Medawar was also an author of grace, clarity, and wit on scientific, philosophic, educational, and other subjects. His books include Pluto's Republic, a book of essays, including several on the philosophy of science and scientific method, Advice to a Young Scientist, Aristotle to Zoos (with his wife Jean Shinglewood Taylor), and Memoirs of a Thinking Radish, a brief autobiography.