Oscar II Of Sweden Politics Science And Arts Children

**Oscar II**
Portrait by Anders Zorn, 1898
Reign	From September 18September 18 is the 261st day of the year (262nd in leap years). There are 104 days remaining. Events 96 Nerva elevated as Roman Emperor after Domitian was stabbed to death. 323 Constantine the Great decisively defeats Licinius in the Battle of Chrysopoli, 1872Events January 2 Brigham Young, is arrested for bigamy (25 wives). February 20 In New York City the Metropolitan Museum of Art opens. March 1 Yellowstone National Park is established as the world's first national park March 5 George Westinghouse patents t - until June 7June 7 is the 158th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (159th in leap years), with 207 days remaining. Events 1099 Beginning of Siege of Jerusalem (1099) 1494 Spain and Portugal sign the Treaty of Tordesillas which divides the New World between the, 1905Events January-April January 22 Massacre of Russian demonstrators at the Winter Palace in Saint Petersburg, one of the triggers of the abortive Russian Revolution of 1905. January 26 The Cullinan Diamond is found near Pretoria, South Africa at the Premier in Norway - until December 8, 1907 in Sweden
Coronation	On May 12May 12 is the 132nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (133rd in leap years). There are 233 days remaining. Events 1191 Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre. 1264 The Battle of Lewes, between King Henry III of England and the rebel Si, 1873Events The United Kingdom declares war against Ghana's King Kofi KariKari, who was involved in the trading of slaves. The war ended by July and the British established the Gold Coast Colony. January 17 Indian Wars: First Battle of the Stronghold during th in Sweden. On July 18July 18 is the 199th day (200th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 166 days remaining. Events 390 BC Battle of the Allia: A Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, leading to the subsequent sacking of Rome. 64 Great fire of Rome:, 1873 in Norway.
Royal motto	"Brödrafolkens väl" (until 1905) ("The welfare of the brother peoples"
"Sveriges väl" (after 1905) ("The welfare of Sweden")
Queen	Sophia Wilhelmina of Nassau
Royal House	Bernadotte
Predecessor	Charles XV, as the Swedish title and with Carl IV, as the Norwegian title.
Successors	Gustav V in Sweden Haakon VII in Norway
Date of Birth	January 21, 1829
Place of Birth	Stockholm
Date of Death	December 7, 1907
Place of Death	Stockholm
Place of Burial	Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholm

He succeeded his brother Charles XV, on September 18, 1872, and was crowned as king of Norway in the cathedral of Trondheim on July 18, 1873. At the accession he adopted as his motto Brödrafolkens väl, Broderfolkenes Vel "The Welfare of the Brother Peoples". While the King and the Royal Court resided mostly in Sweden, Oscar made the effort of learning to be fluent in Norwegian and from the very beginning he realized the essential difficulties in the maintenance of the union between the two countries. The political events which led up to the final crisis in 1905, by which the thrones were separated, could hardly have been attained but for the tact and patience of the king himself. He declined, indeed, to permit any prince of his house to become king of Norway, but better relations between the two countries were restored before his death, which occurred at Stockholm on the December 8, 1907.

1 Politics

His acute intelligence and his aloofness from the dynastic considerations affecting most European sovereigns gave the king considerable weight as an arbitrator in international questions. At the request of the United Kingdom, Germany and the United States in 1889 he appointed the chief justice of Samoa, and he was again called in to arbitrate in Samoan affairs in 1899. In 1897 he was empowered to appoint a fifth arbitrator if necessary in the Venezuelan dispute, and he was called in to act as umpire in the Anglo-American arbitration treaty that was quashed by the senate. He won many friends in England by his outspoken and generous support of Britain at the time of the Boer War ( 1899- 1902), expressed in a declaration printed in The Times of the May 2, 1900, when continental opinion was almost universally hostile.

2 Science and arts

Himself a distinguished writer and musical amateur, King Oscar proved a generous friend of learning, and did much to encourage the development of education throughout his dominions. In 1858 a collection of his lyrical and narrative poems, Memorials of the Swedish Fleet, published anonymously, obtained the second prize of the Swedish Academy. His "Contributions to the Military History of Sweden in the Years 1711, 1712, 1713," originally appeared in the Annals of the Academy, and were printed separately in 1865. His works, which included his speeches, translations of Herder's Cid and Goethe's Torquato Tasso, and a play, Castle Cronberg, were collected in two volumes in 1875-1876, and a larger edition, in three volumes, appeared in 1885-1888. His Easter hymn and some other of his poems are familiar throughout the Scandinavian countries. His Memoirs of Charles XII of Sweden were translated into English in 1879. In 1881 he founded the World's first open air museum at his summer residence near Christiania, now Oslo. In 1885 he published his Address to the Academy of Music, and a translation of one of his essays on music appeared in Literature on the igth of May 1900. He had a valuable collection of printed and MS. music, which was readily accessible to the historical student of music.

3 Children

King Gustav V ( 1858- 1950)
Prince Oscar, Duke of Gotlandia, later Count Oscar Bernadotte af Wisborg ( 1859- 1953)
Prince Carl, Duke of Westrogothia ( 1861- 1951)
Prince Eugén, Duke of Nericia ( 1865- 1947)

His eldest son, Oscar Gustaf Adolf, duke of Wermelandia, succeeded him as Gustav V of Sweden. His second son, Oscar, resigned his royal rights on his marriage in 1888 with a lady-in-waiting, Miss Ebba Munck, when he assumed the title of Prince Bernadotte and from 1892 he was known as Count Wisborg. The king's other sons were Charles, duke of Westrogothia, who married Princess Ingeborg of Denmark; and Eugén, duke of Nericia well known as an artist.

4 References

1911 Encyclopedia Britannica

Preceded by: Charles XV/ Carl IV	King of Sweden	Succeeded by: Gustav V
Preceded by: Charles XV/ Carl IV	King of Norway	Haakon VII

Oscar II of Sweden Oscar II of Sweden Bernadotte Knights of the Garter Norwegian monarchs Swedish monarchs Dukes of Swedish Provinces

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