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| Orders of magnitude |
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| Time – Length – Area – Volume – Speed – Mass – Density – Power – Temperature – Numbers – Data – Money |
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| SI – SI base units – SI derived units – SI prefixes – conversion of units |
| Decade of Length | Length using SI prefixes | Length of Item | Item |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-35 m | 1.6×10-35 m | Planck length; lengths smaller than this do not make any physical sense, according to current theories of physics | |
| ... | |||
| 10-24 m | 1 yoctometre (ym) | ||
| 10-21 m | 1 zeptometre (zm) | ||
| 10-18 m | 1 attometre (am) | size of a quark | |
| sensitivity of the LIGO detector for gravitational waves | |||
| 10-15 m | 1 femtometre (fm) | size of a proton | |
| classical electron | |||
| 10-14 m | 10 fm | scale of the atomic nucleus | |
| range of the weak nuclear force | |||
| 10-13 m | 100 fm | Compton wavelength of electron | |
| 10-12 mTo help compare different orders of magnitude this page lists lengths between 1 pm and 10 pm (10-12 m and 10-11 m). See also lengths of other orders of magnitude. Lengths shorter than 1 pm 5 pm shorter X-ray wavelengths (approx) Lengths longer than 10 pm | 1 picometrePicometre ( American spelling: picometer is an SI measure of length that is equal to 10−12 of a metre. Its symbol is pm and it is commonly used in measuring atomic-scale distances. Atom diameters are in the range from ~30 to 600 pm. 1 pm 1 × 10&minu (pm) | distance between atomic nuclei in a white dwarfA white dwarf is a star with a color like most other stars, but with low absolute brightness. Such stars were discovered in the 19th century; the first ones found were white. The color of a star is a measure of the surface temperature: white stars are lik | |
| wavelength of gamma rayThis article is about electromagnatic radiation. For the power metal band, see Gamma Ray (band Gamma rays (often denoted by the Greek letter gamma, γ) are an energetic form of electromagnetic radiation (see Electromagnetic spectrum) produced by radis | |||
| 5 pm | wavelength of shortest X-rayIn the NATO phonetic alphabet, X-ray represents the letter X. Rontgen An X-ray is a form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength approximately in the range of 5 pm to 10 nanometers (corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 PHz to 60 EHz). X-rays | ||
| 10-11 mTo help compare different orders of magnitude this page lists lengths between 10 pm and 100 pm (10-11 m and 10-12 m). See also lengths of other orders of magnitude. Lengths shorter than 10 pm 25 pm radius of Hydrogen atom 31 pm radius of Helium atom 100 p | 10 pm | 25 pm | radius of hydrogenhydrogen helium H Li Full table General Name, Symbol, NumberHydrogen, H, 1 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 1 (IA), 1 , s Density, Hardness 0. 0899 kg/m3, NA Appearance colorless Atomic properties Atomic weight 1. 00794 amu Atomic radius (ca atomFor alternative meanings see atom (disambiguation). An atom is a microscopic structure found in all ordinary matter around us. Atoms are composed of 3 types of subatomic particles: electrons, which have a negative charge; protons, which have a positive ch |
| 31 pm | radius of helium atom | ||
| 10-10 m | 100 pm | wavelength of X rays | |
| 100 pm | 1 Ångström | ||
| 100 pm (0.1 nm) | covalent radius of sulfur atom | ||
| 126 pm (0.126 nm) | covalent radius of ruthenium atom | ||
| 135 pm (0.135 nm) | covalent radius of technetium atom | ||
| 153 pm (0.153 nm) | covalent radius of silver atom | ||
| 154 pm (0.154 nm) | length of a typical covalent bond ( C-C). | ||
| 155 pm (0.155 nm) | covalent radius of zirconium atom | ||
| 175 pm (0.175 nm) | covalent radius of thulium atom | ||
| 225 pm (0.225 nm) | covalent radius of caesium atom | ||
| 500 pm (0.50 nm) | width of protein α helix | ||
| 10-9 m | 1 nanometre (nm) | 2 nm | diameter of DNA helix |
| 10-8 m | 10 nm | 20 nm | thickness of bacterial flagellum |
| 40 nm | extreme ultraviolet wavelength | ||
| 90 nm | human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (generally, viruses range in size from 20 nm to 450 nm) | ||
| 100 nm | 90% of particles in wood smoke are smaller than this | ||
| 10-7 m | 100 nm | size of chromosomes | |
| 100 nm | maximum particle size that can fit through a surgical mask | ||
| 120 nm | maximum particle size that can fit through a ULPA filter[1] | ||
| 280 nm | near ultraviolet wavelength | ||
| 300 nm | maximum particle size that can fit through a HEPA filter | ||
| 380-430 nm | wavelength of violet light -- see color and optical spectrum | ||
| 430-450 nm | wavelength of indigo light | ||
| 450-500 nm | wavelength of blue light | ||
| 500-520 nm | wavelength of cyan light | ||
| 520-565 nm | wavelength of green light | ||
| 565-590 nm | wavelength of yellow light | ||
| 590-625 nm | wavelength of orange light | ||
| 625-740 nm | wavelength of red light | ||
| 10-6 m | 1 micrometre aka micron (µm) | 1-10 µm | diameter of typical bacterium |
| 1.55 µm | wavelength of light used in optical fibre | ||
| 6-8 µm | diameter of a human red blood cell | ||
| 6 µm | anthrax spore | ||
| 7 µm | width of strand of spider web [2] | ||
| 7 µm | diameter of the nucleus of typical eukariotic cell | ||
| 10-5 m | 10 µm | 10 µm | typical size of a fog, mist or cloud water droplet |
| 10 µm | width of cotton fibre | ||
| 10.6 µm | wavelength of light emitted by a carbon dioxide laser | ||
| 12 µm | width of acrylic fibre | ||
| 13 µm | width of nylon fibre | ||
| 14 µm | width of polyester fibre | ||
| 15 µm | width of silk fibre | ||
| 17 µm | dust mite excreta ¹ | ||
| 20 µm | width of wool fibre | ||
| 25.4 µm | 1/1000 inch, commonly referred to as 1 mil | ||
| 50 µm | typical length of Euglena gracilis, a flagellate protist | ||
| 80 µm | average width of human hair (ranges from 18 to 180 µm) | ||
| 10-4 m | 100 µm | 125 µm | dust mite |
| 200 µm | typical length of Paramecium caudatum, a ciliate protist | ||
| 300 µm | diameter of Thiomargarita namibiensis, the largest bacterium ever discovered | ||
| 500 µm | MEMS micro-engine | ||
| 500 µm | diameter of a human ovum | ||
| 500 µm | typical length of Amoeba proteus, an amoeboid protist | ||
| 10-3 m | 1 millimetre (mm) | 2.54 mm | distance between pins in old DIP (dual-inline-pins) electronic components |
| 5 mm | length of average red ant | ||
| 7.62 mm | common military ammunition size | ||
| 10-2 m | 1 centimetre (cm) | 1.5 cm | length of a large mosquito |
| 2.54 cm | 1 inch | ||
| 3.1 cm | 1 attoparsec (10-18 parsecs) | ||
| 4.267 cm | diameter of a golfball | ||
| 10-1 m | 1 decimetre (dm) | 10 cm | wavelength of the highest UHF radio frequency, 3 GHz |
| 10 cm | diameter of the cervix upon entering the second stage of labour | ||
| 10.16 cm | Hand using in measuring height of horses (4 inches) | ||
| 12 cm | wavelength of the 2.45 GHz ISM radio band | ||
| 15 cm | height of a Lilliputian from Gulliver's Travels | ||
| 30.48 cm | 1 foot | ||
| 50-65 cm | a pizote's tail | ||
| 66 cm | length of the longest pine cones (produced by the sugar pine) | ||
| 89 cm | average adult height of a Hobbit | ||
| 90 cm | average length of a rapier, a fencing sword | ||
| 91 cm | 1 yard | ||
| 1 m | 1 metre | 1 m | wavelength of the lowest UHF and highest VHF radio frequency, 300 MHz |
| 1.7 m (5 feet 7 inches) | average person's height | ||
| 1.435m | Standard gauge of railway track | ||
| 2.77 - 3.44 m | wavelength of the broadcast radio FM band 108 - 87 MHz | ||
| 3.048 m (10 feet) | height of the basket in basketball | ||
| 5.5 m | height of tallest animal, the giraffe | ||
| 10 m | 1 decametre (dam) | 10 m | wavelength of the lowest VHF and highest shortwave radio frequency, 30 MHz |
| 18.44 m | distance between the pitcher's rubber and home plate on a baseball field | ||
| 20 m | length of a cricket pitch | ||
| 21 m | height of High Force waterfall in England. | ||
| 23 m | height of the obelisk of the Place de la Concorde, Paris. | ||
| 25 m | wavelength of the broadcast radio shortwave band at 12 MHz | ||
| 27.43 m | distance between bases on a baseball field | ||
| 30 m | length of a blue whale, the largest animal | ||
| 31 m | wavelength of the broadcast radio shortwave band at 9.7 MHz | ||
| 40 m | average depth beneath the seabed of the Channel tunnel | ||
| 49 m | width of an American football field (53 1/3 yards) | ||
| 49 m | wavelength of the broadcast radio shortwave band at 6.1 MHz | ||
| 52 m | height of Niagara Falls | ||
| 55 m | height of the Leaning Tower of Pisa | ||
| 60 m | Pyramid of Djoser | ||
| 70 m | width of soccer field | ||
| 70 m | length of the Bayeux Tapestry | ||
| 91.44 m | length of an American football field (100 yards, measured between the goal lines) | ||
| 100 m | 1 hectometre (hm) | 100 m | wavelength of the lowest shortwave radio frequency and highest medium wave radio frequency, 3 MHz |
| 105 m | length of a soccer field | ||
| 109.73 m | total length of an American football field (120 yards, including the end zones) | ||
| 112.34 m | height of the world's tallest tree, a Coast redwood | ||
| 137 m | height of the Great Pyramid of Giza | ||
| 147 m | original height of the Great Pyramid of Giza | ||
| 168 m | height of the Bungsberg , highest point in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany | ||
| 187 m | shortest wavelength of the broadcast radio AM band, 1600 kHz | ||
| 193 m | the approximate length of New Jersey State Highway 59 | ||
| 244 m | height of the City Gate building in Ramat-Gan, Israel | ||
| 300 m | height of the Eiffel Tower | ||
| 340 m | distance sound travels in air in one second; see speed of sound | ||
| 400-500 m | approximate heights of the world's tallest skyscrapers of the past 70 years. | ||
| 541 m ( 1,776 ft) | height of the planned Freedom Tower at the World Trade Center site | ||
| 553.33 m | height of the CN Tower, the world's tallest free-standing land structure | ||
| 555 m | longest wavelength of the broadcast radio AM band, 540 kHz | ||
| 647 m | height of the Warszawa radio mast, formerly the tallest man-made structure, collapsed in 1991 | ||
| 1,000 m | 1 kilometre (km) | 1 km | wavelength of the lowest medium wave radio frequency, 300 kHz |
| 1609 m | 1 international mile | ||
| 1852 m | 1 nautical mile | ||
| 8850 m | height of the highest mountain, Mount Everest | ||
| 10,000 m | 10 km | 11,518 m | Mindanao deep |
| 35 km | width of the English Channel | ||
| 100,000 m | 100 km | 111 km | one degree of latitude on Earth |
| 106 m | 1,000 km = 1 megametre (Mm) | 3,480 km | diameter of the Moon |
| 6,400 km | length of the Great Wall of China | ||
| 107 m | 10,000 km | 12,756 km 40,075 km | equatorial diameter of the Earth length of the Earth's equator |
| 108 m | 100,000 km | 384,000 km = 384 Mm | Moon's orbital distance from Earth |
| 109 m | 1 million km = 1 gigametre (Gm) | 1,390,000 km = 1.39 Gm | diameter of the Sun |
| 1010 m | 10 million km | ||
| 1011 m | 100 million km | 150 million km = 150 Gm | 1 astronomical unit (AU); mean distance between Earth and Sun. |
| 1012 m | 1000 million km = 1 terametre (Tm) | 1.4 × 109 km | orbital distance of Saturn from Sun |
| 5.9 × 109 km = 5.9 Tm | orbital distance of Pluto from Sun | ||
| 1013 m | 10 Tm | 13.8 × 109 km = 13.8 Tm | distance of the Voyager 1 spacecraft from sun ( May 2004), the farthest man-made object so far |
| 1014 m | 100 Tm | ||
| 1015 m | 1 petametre (Pm) | 9.46 × 1012 km = 9.46 Pm = 1 light year | distance travelled by light in one year |
| 1016 m | 10 Pm | 3.2616 light years (3.08568×1016 m = 30.8568 Pm) | 1 parsec |
| 4.22 light years = 39.9 Pm | distance to nearest star ( Proxima Centauri) | ||
| 1017 m | 100 Pm | ||
| 1018 m | 1 exametre (Em) | ||
| 1019 m | 10 Em | ||
| 1020 m | 100 Em | 100,000 light years | diameter of galactic disk of Milky Way Galaxy |
| 1021 m | 1 zettametre (Zm) | 52 kilo parsecs (1.6 × 1021 m = 1.6 Zm) | distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud (a dwarf galaxy orbiting the Milky Way) |
| 54 kiloparsecs (1.66 × 1021 m = 1.66 Zm) | distance to the Small Magellanic Cloud (another dwarf galaxy orbiting the Milky Way) | ||
| 1022 m | 10 Zm | 22.3 Zm (2.36 million light years = 725 kilo parsecs = 22.3 Zm) | distance to Andromeda Galaxy |
| 50 Zm (1.6 Mpc) | diameter of Local Group of galaxies | ||
| 1023 m | 100 Zm | 300-600 Zm (10-20 megaparsecs) | distance to Virgo cluster of galaxies |
| 1024 m | 1 yottametre (Ym) | 200 million light years (2 Ym, 60 megaparsecs) | diameter of the Local Supercluster |
| 500 million light years (5 Ym, 150 megaparsecs) | length of Great Wall, the largest observed superstructure in the universe | ||
| 1025 m | 10 Ym | ||
| 1026 m | 100 Ym | 10 × 109 light years | estimated distance to certain quasars, the farthest observed objects in the universe |
| 1.3|26}} m = 130 Ym | distance the cosmic background radiation has traveled since the Big bang | ||
| 1027 m |