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It was in this situation that, in 1218Events Damietta is besieged by the knights of the Fifth Crusade. Livonian Brothers of the Sword begin to conquer Estonia. Minamoto no Sanetomo becomes Udaijin of Japan. Alfonso IX of Castile founds a university in Salamanca. Ongoing events Fifth Crusade (, Genghis KhanGenghis Khan ( Mongolian: Jenghis Khan Jinghis Khan Chinghiz Khan Jinghiz Khan Chinggis Khan Changaiz Khan original name Temujin Temuchin Mongolian: (c. 1155/ 1162/ 1167 August 18, 1227) was a great Khan of Mongol Empire and a military leader. Following t sent his emissaries to the shah in SamarkandSamarkand (Samarqand or in Uzbek) (population 400,000) is the second-largest city in Uzbekistan, capital of the Samarkand region ( Samarqand Wiloyati). The majority of the city's inhabitants is Tajik. Timur's mausoleum Gur-e Amir at Samarkand History The. The shah executed the Mongol diplomats in defiance of the emerging great power, and Genghis retaliated with a force of 200 000 men that crossed the Jaxartes in 1220 and sacked the cities of Samarkand and BukharaBukhara ( in Persian, Buxoro or in Uzbek; in Russian; also Boxara in Tatar) is one of the major cities of Uzbekistan, capital of the Bukhara region ( Bukhoro Wiloyati). The majority of city's population are Persian-speaking Tajiks. It forms together with. Ala ad-Din Muhammad fled and sought refuge throughout KhorasanKhorasan (also spelled Khurasan and Khorassan ( in Persian) is the largest province of Iran in area, located in eastern and northeastern Iran. The name Khorasan is Persian and is made up of parts which mean "where the sun arrives from". The name was given, but died on an island in the Caspian SeaThe Caspian Sea is a landlocked sea in Asia. It is bordered by Russia ( Dagestan, Kalmykia, Astrakhan Oblast), Republic of Azerbaijan, Iran ( Guilan, Mazandaran and Golestan provinces), Turkmenistan, and Kazakhstan, with the central Asian steppes to the n some weeks later.