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The Mouvement National Congolais (English: Congolese National Movement, MNC) is a pro- independence group that emerged in the colonized Belgian Congo. After the country was granted independence by Belgium and held its first parliamentary elections in 1960, chaotic fighting almost immediately broke out, with the MNC being one of the groups vying for power. Internal splits in the MNC occurred between pro- Soviet Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba and pro- Western President Joseph Kasavubu; in late 1960, Kasavubu's faction won, and he overthrew Lumumba with help from Colonel Joseph Mobutu. Mobutu was a member of the MNC who later became famous for the kleptocracy he headed following his successful 1965 coup d'étatA coup d'etat ( IPA: /ku deit/), often simply called a coup is the sudden overthrow of a government, usually done by a small group that just replaces the top power figures. It is different from a revolution, which is staged by a larger group and radically against President Kasavubu.

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