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Minor planet is the official term for asteroids and trans-Neptunian objects. They are objects in the solar system that orbit the Sun like planets, but which are smaller than planets and not counted among them. If a minor planet produces coma it is called a comet (though conversely not all comets are classified as minor planets). The largest minor planets are also called planetoids.

1 Minor planet groups and families

Minor planets are divided into groups and families based on their orbital characteristics. It is customary to name a group of asteroids after the first member of that group to be discovered (generally the largest). Groups are relatively loose dynamical associations, whereas families are much "tighter" and result most probably from the catastrophic breakup of a large parent asteroid sometime in the past. They were first recognised by Kiyotsugu Hirayama in 1918 and are often called Hirayama families in his honour. The only prominent families are:

Other families have been identified using a variety of techniques, most prominently the Hierarchical Clustering Method (HCM) and the Wavelet Analysis Method (WAM):



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