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The great prize of a maritime museum is a historic ship (or a replica) made accessible as a museum ship, but as these are large and require a considerable budget to maintain, most museums exhibit interesting pieces of ships (such as a figurehead or cannon), ship models, and miscellaneous small items like cutlery, uniforms, and so forth.

Ship modellers often have a close association with maritime museums; not only does the museum have items that help the modeller achieve better accuracy, but the museum provides a display space for models larger than will comfortably fit in a modeler's home; and of course the museum is happy to take a ship model as a donation. Museums will also commission models.

There are thousands of maritime museums in the world. Many belong to the International Congress of Maritime Museums (ICMM), which coordinates members' efforts to acquire, preserve, and display their material.

At 40 acres (162,000 m²), Mystic Seaport in Mystic, Connecticut can lay claim to the title of largest museum; it preserves not only a number of sailing ships, but also a large number of original seaport buildings, including a ship chandlery , sail loft , ropewalk , and so forth. However, the UK's National Maritime MuseumThe National Maritime Museum (NMM) is the leading maritime museum of the United Kingdom, and one of the most important in the world. It is based primarily in Greenwich, London, adjacent to Greenwich Park. The NMM houses a wide and varied collection of exh in GreenwichThis page is about Greenwich in England. For other uses see Greenwich (disambiguation Greenwich (pronounced "Grennitch" or "Grinnitch") is a town, now part of the southeastern suburbs of London in the London postal district SE10, on the south bank of the is also a contender, with many items of great historical significance, such as the actual uniform worn by Horatio Nelson at the Battle of TrafalgarThe Battle of Trafalgar ( 21 October 1805) was the most significant naval engagement of the Napoleonic Wars and the pivotal naval battle of the 19th century. It was fought west of Cape Trafalgar in southwest Spain. A British Royal Navy fleet under the com.

A recent activity of maritime museums is to build replicas of ships, since there are few survivors that have not already been restored and put on display.

Notable maritime museums:

• Australian National Maritime Museum
• Baltimore Maritime MuseumM M M The Baltimore Maritime Museum is a maritime museum located in the Inner Harbor of Baltimore in the United States. The museum's collection includes three historic museum ships and one lighthouse: USCGC Taney a Coast Guard cutter USS Torsk (SS-423), a (Baltimore, MD, US)
• Mariners' Museum (US)
• Maritime Museum of the AtlanticThe Maritime Museum of the Atlantic is a maritime museum located in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Its collection includes over 40 ships, including the World War II Flower-class corvette Sackville of the Royal Canadian Navy. Other exhibits include a commemoration (Halifax)
• Maritime Museum of San Diego
• Museun of Maritime Science ( TokyoTokyo (; Tokyo lit. eastern capital) is the capital of Japan as well as the most populous conurbation in Japan, and the world's largest metropolitan area by population with 33,750,000 people living within its urban influence. A little more than 12 million, JapanJapan (, Nippon/Nihon literally "the origin of the sun") is a country in East Asia situated on a chain of islands east of the Asian continent on the western edge of the Pacific Ocean. The largest of these islands are, from north to south, Hokkaido , Honsh)
• Mystic Seaport (US)
• National Maritime Museum (UK)
• San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park
• Vasa Museum (Stockholm)
• Coral World ( St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands)
• Wisconsin Maritime Museum, Manitowoc, Wisconsin
• Museum of the World Ocean , Kaliningrad, Russia