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Many magnet schools have a competitive entrance process, requiring students to take an exam or submit an application in order to enter; so admission requires a desire to enter the school. Magnet schools were originally started in the hope that their geographically open admissions would end racial segregation in "good" schools, and this continues to some extent today. Most magnet schools concentrate on a particular discipline or area of study, such as science and engineering, the humanities, or the fine arts or performing arts.

While public, magnet schools are typically designed to cater to more intellectually adept or "gifted" students, who score well on tests and receive good grades. This has led critics to charge that magnet schools harm their public school systems by drawing away the best students, as well as the increased funding and attention from parents, media, and the general public which typically accompany these students. Critics of magnet schools charge that their academic elitism (sometimes derisively called "skimming off the cream" of the student population) allows neighboring "ordinary" public schools to languish out of the spotlight and blame their failures on their "mediocre" students.

There are magnet schools at the elementary school, middle schoolMiddle school and junior high school cover a period of education that straddles primary education and secondary education and serve as a bridge between them. The terms are used in different ways in different countries. In Japan, junior high schools are ca, and high schoolHigh school or secondary school is the last segment of compulsory education in Hong Kong, United States, Australia, Canada, China, Korea and Japan. It provides a secondary education. Hong Kong Secondary education in Hong Kong is largely based on the Briti levels, and they occasionally combine grades in certain classes. Some magnet programs are within comprehensive schools. The largest magnet district in the USThe United States of America also referred to as the United States U. America ¹ or the States is a federal republic in central North America, stretching from the Atlantic in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west. It shares land borders with Canada in is the Miami-Dade County Public Schools system.

See also: charter schoolIn the United States, a charter school is a school that is created via a legal charter. Usually (a) they are created with an express purpose or philosophy and (b) typically they are controlled in-house and not controlled by the local school district. -- public education -- school reform

1 Further readings

• Bailey, Jerry D. RESEARCH NEEDED TO ASSESS THE PERFORMANCE OF MAGNET SCHOOLS. Washington, D.C.: Office of Educational Research and Improvement, 1987. ED 284 952.

• Blank, Rolf K. "Comparative Analysis of Local Planning and Development of Magnet Schools." In Rolf K. Blank and Paul R. Messier, (Eds.), PLANNING AND DEVELOPING MAGNET SCHOOLS: EXPERIENCES AND OBSERVATIONS. Washington, D.C.: Office of Educational Research and Improvement, 1987. ED 284 946 (individual paper, ED 284 954).

• Clinchy, Evans. "Let Magnet Schools Guide the Way to Education Reform--And Diversity." AMERICAN SCHOOL BOARD JOURNAL 172 (1985): 43.

• Doyle, Denis P., and Marsha Levine. "Magnet Schools: Choice and Quality in Public Education." PHI DELTA KAPPAN 66 (1984): 265-70.

• Tsapatsaris, George. "How We Magnetized a City School System. A Special Report on Magnet Schools." PRINCIPAL 64 (1985): 8-10.

• Turner, Benjamin F. MAGNET SCHOOLS: A PLANNING GUIDE FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS. Kent, OH: Ohio Center for Educational Development and Strategic Services, Kent State University, June 1984. ED 244 043.