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One of the most heavily developed industrial areas of China, Dalian today consists of Dalian proper and the smaller Lushun (Port Arthur), formerly a city in its own right as well.

1 Geography

Dalian is located west of the Yellow SeaThe Yellow Sea (in North and South Korea, it is also called the West Sea is the northern part of the East China Sea, which in turn is a part of the Pacific Ocean. It is located between Mainland China and the Korean peninsula. Its name comes from the sand ( Korea BayThe Korea Bay is located at the north of the Yellow Sea, between Liaoning Province of China and North P'yongan Province of North Korea. It is separated from the Bohai Sea by the Liaodong Peninsula, with Dalian at its southernmost point. The Yalu (Amnok) R) and east of Bohai SeaBo Hai ( pinyin bo hai, WG: Po-hai lit. Bo Sea"), also known as (though redundant) Bohai Sea or Bohai Gulf is the innermost gulf of the Yellow Sea on the coast of northeastern China. It is approximately 823,000 km². In literature before early 20th century. With a coastline of 1,906 km, it governs the southernmost Liaodong PeninsulaThe Liaodong Peninsula ( sim. is a peninsula in the Liaoning province of northeastern China. Liaodong means "Eastern Liaoning". Geography The peninsula lies at the north of the Yellow Sea, between the Bohai Sea to the west and the Korea Bay to the east. and about 260 surrounding islands and reefs.

2 History

Part of the State of Yansmall seal script, 220 BC) Yan ( pinyin: yan1, simplified Chinese/ traditional Chinese: ) was a state during the Western Zhao, Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods in China. Its capital was Ji (nowadays Beijing). As the most northeastern of all th in the Spring and Autumn PeriodThe Spring and Autumn Period ( ch. pinyin Chunqiu Shidai) represented an era in Chinese history between 722 BC and 481 BC. The term comes from the Annals of Spring and Autumn a historical record penned by Confucius that chronicles this era. During the Spr, Dalian became a small town in the 1880s, when the Qing Empire established bridges, cannon platforms and camps there. Named after the Dalianwan Bay (大连湾) of the Yellow Sea northeast of the peninsula, it was officially called Dalian in 1899, and the term was first used in October 1879 by Li Hongzhang in a document.

Dalian of south Pulandian was occupied by the British in 1858, returned to the Chinese in the 1880s, and then occupied by Japan in 1895 during the first Sino-Japanese War. From 1898-1905, it was occupied by the Russians and renamed Dalny (Qingniwaqiao 青泥洼桥 of Zhongshan District, Dalian) and Port Arthur (Lüshun). After the Russo-Japanese war Port Arthur was conceded to Japan ( Treaty of Portsmouth), who set up the Kwantung Leased Territory or Guandongzhou. Since the foundation of Manchukuo in 1932, the sovereignty of the territory moved from China to Manchukuo. Japan still leased it from Manchukuo. In 1937, the modern Dalian City was enlarged and modernized by the Japanese as two cities: the northern Dairen (Dalian) and the southern Ryojun (Lushun).

After World War II, Dalian was not returned to China, but taken as a loot by Soviets with theoretical Chinese overlordship (see Yalta Conference), and was returned to full Chinese control in 1955, although the first communist Chinese mayor of the new Lüda Administrative Office (旅大行政公署) was elected in 1945. Lüda is the acronym of Lüshun and Dalian. Because of the sudden closure of many Japanese businesses, many Dalian residents were out of work for a while.

On December 1, 1950, Lüda was made into a city again. From March 12, 1953 to August 1, 1954, it became a municipality. The city's name was changed from Lüda to Dalian on March 5, 1981, after the State Council approved it on February 9. It was upgraded from a prefecture-level city to a sub-provincial city in 1994, with no change in its administrative subdivisions.