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Home > List of New Zealand birds

 
As a land without terrestrial mammals of any kind, New Zealand was, until the arrival of the first humans, inhabited by an extraordinarily diverse range of specialised birds. The ecological niches occupied by mammals as different as cows and rodents, kangaroos and moles, were filled by reptiles, insects, or birds.

When humans arrived in New Zealand sometime between 800 and 1300, this unique and unusual ecology became endangered. Several species were hunted to extinction, most notably the moa and harpagornis. The most damage however was caused by the other animals that humans brought with them, particularly rats (the Polynesian Rat or kiore imported by Maori and the Brown RatThe Brown Rat Rattus norvegicus is one of the most well-known and common rats, and also one of the largest. Thought to have originated in northern China, this rodent has now spread to all continents and is the dominant rat in Europe and much of North Amer and Black RatThe Black Rat Rattus rattus also known as the Ship Rat, Roof Rat or House Rat) is a common long-tailed rodent of the genus Rattus and the subfamily murinae (Old World rodents). The species originated in tropical Asia and spread through the Near East in Ro subsequently introduced by Europeans), but also dogThis article discusses the domestic dog. For other members of the dog family, see Canidae. The dog is a canine omnivorous mammal that has been domesticated for somewhere between 14,000 and 150,000 years. In those millennia, the dog has developed into hunds, catFor alternative meanings see cat (disambiguation). The cat (also called domestic cat or house cat is a small feline carnivorous mammal. Its scientific name is Felis silvestris catus or Felis silvestris domesticus but the species is sometimes referred to as, stoatThe Stoat Mustela erminea is a small mammal of the family Mustelidae. In North America it is also referred to as the Short-tailed Weasel . When in its white winter coat, it is also called an Ermine . Natural history It is an opportunistic carnivore, and gs, weaselAlternate uses: Weasel (disambiguation Mustela africana ''Mustela altaica Mustela erminea ''Mustela eversmannii ''Mustela felipei ''Mustela frenata ''Mustela kathiah ''Mustela lutreola ''Mustela lutreolina ''Mustela nigripes ''Mustela nivalis ''Mustela nus, hedgehogFor the anti-submarine weapon see Hedgehog (weapon); for the mathematical concepts see hedgehog (curve) and hedgehog (metric). Atelerix Erinaceus Hemiechinus Mesechinus A hedgehog is any of a wide variety of small quilled mammals of the order Insectivoras, and Australian possumA possum is any of about 25 small to medium-sized arboreal marsupials native to Australia. The name derives from their resemblance to the opossums of the Americas and, unlike most names applied to Australian fauna in the early years of European colonisatis. The flightless birds were in particular danger. Consequently many bird species became extinct, and others remain critically endangered. Several species are now confined only to offshore islands, or to fenced "mainland islands" from which predators have been eliminated. Consequently New Zealand is today a world leader in the techniques required to bring severely endangered species back from the brink of extinction.

The birds below are listed by their Maori name (where known) with English alternatives in brackets. In some cases (tui, kaka, weka, pukeko, moa, kiwi, kea, kokako, takahe) the Maori name is the common name. In other cases (fantail, albatross, Black-backed Gull, bellbird, Morepork, dotterel, wax-eye, oystercatcher) the English name is most commonly used.

The species and subspecies marked extinct became extinct subsequent to humans' arrival in New Zealand. About two thirds of the extinctions occurred after the arrival of Maori but before the arrival of Pakeha and the rest since Pakeha arrived.


Sorted (at least in part)

Struthioniformes

Sphenisciformes

Procellariiformes

Pelecaniformes

Ciconiiformes

Anseriformes

Gruiformes

Galliformes

Charadriiformes

Podicipediformes

Falconiformes

Strigiformes

Caprimulgiformes

Cuculiformes

Psittaciformes

Columbiformes

Passeriformes

For a comprehensive listing of families, see Australasian birds, which includes the birds of New Zealand, Australia, and the Southern Ocean.



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