| • Science | • People | • Locations | • Timeline |
| Liliales
| ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scientific classification | ||||||||
| ||||||||
| Families | ||||||||
|
Alstroemeriaceae Campynemataceae Colchicaceae Corsiaceae Liliaceae Luzuriagaceae Melanthiaceae Philesiaceae Ripogonaceae Smilacaceae
|
Liliales is an order of monocotyledonous flowering plants. The representatives of this order are mostly herbaceous, but lianas and shrubs occur. Mostly perennial, with food storage organs such as corms or rhizomes.
By the modern approach, Liliales consist of 10 families, among which Corsiaceae are notable for being saprophytes. The order has worldwide distribution. The larger families (with more than 100 species) are roughly confined to the northern hemisphere, or are distributed worldwide with center on the north. On the contrary, the small families (with up to 10 species) are confined to the southern hemisphere, or sometimes just to Australia or to the South AmericaSouth America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. South America is situated between the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean. It became attached to North America only recently, geologically speaking, wi. The total number of species in the order is about 1300, which is rather small.
As of any herbaceous group, the fossil record of the Liliales is rather scarce. There are several species from the EoceneThe Eocene epoch (55-37 mya) is a major division of the geologic timescale and the second epoch of the Tertiary period in the Cenozoic era. The Eocene spans the time from the end of the Paleocene epoch to the beginning of the Oligocene epoch. The start of, such as Petermanniopsis anglesaensis or Smilax, but their identification is not definite. Another known fossil is Ripogonum scandens from the MioceneThe Miocene Epoch is a period of time that extends from about 5 million to 24 million years before the present. As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the start and end are well identified, but the exact dates of the start and end. Therefore, it seems impossible to determine precisely the age and the initial distribution of the order. It is assumed that the Liliales originate from the lower Cretaceous, over 100 millions of years ago. The initial diversification to the families took place between 82 and 48 millions of years ago (Vinnersten and Bremer, 2001).
Once a wide variety of forms were placed here, but since then the group has been divided up, with the various families being moved to other orders and creating two new ones, the DioscorealesBurmanniaceae Dioscoreaceae Nartheciaceae An order of monocots formerly grouped with the Liliales. The best known species is the Yam Dioscorea . The order includes three families. Plants. and Asparagalesaccording to the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group Agapanthus Agavaceae Alliaceae Amaryllidaceae Aphyllanthaceae Asparagaceae Asphodelaceae Asteliaceae Blandfordiaceae Boryaceae Doryanthaceae Hemerocallidaceae Hyacinthaceae Hypoxidaceae Iridaceae Ixioliriaceae L. Many genera formerly classified in Liliaceae were assigned to new families. The APG II Classification System (created by the Angiosperm Phylogeny GroupThe Angiosperm Phylogeny Group is an international group of systematic botanists who have come together to try to establish a consensus view of the taxonomy of flowering plants in the light of the rapid rise of molecular systematics. The angiosperms or fl) identifies ten families in order Liliales:
The APG Classification System is widely recognized by botanists, but other classification systems are in use as well.