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The Liao Dynasty (遼朝), 907- 1125, sometimes also known as the Kingdom or Empire of the Khitan (契丹), was founded by the Yelü (耶律 ye lǜ) family of the Khitan tribes in the final years of the Tang Dynasty, although Yelü Abaoji did not declare an era name until 916. Originally known as the Empire of the Khitan, Emperor Yelü Ruan officially adopted the name Great Liao or Liao Dynasty in 947.
It was anniliated by the Jin Dynasty in 1125 however remnants led by Yelu Da Shi (耶律大石 ye1 luu4 da4 shi2, Wade-Giles: Yeh-lü Ta-Shih) established Xi (Western) Liao Dynasty 1125- 1220, also known as Kara-Khitai or Qara Khitai, which survived until the arrival of Genghis Khan's Mongolian cavalry.
| Temple Names ( Miao Hao 廟號 miao4 hao4) | Posthumous Names ( Shi Hao 諡號 ) | Born Names | Period of Reigns | Era Names ( Nian Hao 年號) and their according range of years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Convention: "Liao" + temple name except Liao Tian Zuo Di who is referred using "Liao" + posthumous name | ||||
| Tai Zu|太祖 tai4 zu3 | Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign | Yeluu A Bao Ji|耶律阿保機 ye1 luu4 a1 bao3 ji1 | 907- 926Events Bohai is conquered by the Khitan Births Emperor Murakami of Japan Deaths 926. | Shence (神冊 shen2 ce4) 916- 922Events Births Deaths March 26 Al-Hallaj, Sufi writer and teacher 922. Tianzan (天贊 tian1 zan4) 922- 926 Tianxian (天顯 tian1 xian3) 926 |
| Tai Zong (太宗 tai4 zong1) | Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign | Yeluu De Guang|耶律德光 ye1 luu4 de2 guang1 | 926- 947 | Tianxian (天顯 tian1 xian3) 927- 938 HDatong (會同 hui4 tong2) 938- 947 Datong (大同 da4 tong2) 947 |
| Shi Zong (世宗 shi4 zong1) | Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign | Yeluu Ruan|耶律阮 ye1 luu4 ruan3 | 947- 951 | Tianlu (天祿 tian1 lu4) 947- 951 |
| Mu Zong (穆宗 mu4 zong1) | Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign | Yeluu Jing|耶律璟 ye1 luu4 jing3 | 951- 969 | Yingli (應曆 ying4 li4) 951- 969 |
| Jing Zong (景宗 jing3 zong1) | Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign | Yeluu Xian|耶律賢 ye1 luu4 xian2 | 969- 982 | Baoning (保寧 bao3 ning2) 969- 979 Qianheng (乾亨 qian2 heng1) 979- 982 |
| Sheng Zong (聖宗 sheng4 zong1) | Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign | Yeluu Long Xu|耶律隆緒 ye1 luu4 long2 xu4 | 982- 1031 | Qianheng (乾亨 qian2 heng1) 982 Tonghe (統和 tong3 he2) 983- 1012 Kaitai (開泰 kai1 tai4) 1012- 1021 Taiping (太平 tai4 ping2) 1021- 1031 |
| Xing Zong (興宗 xing1 zong1) | Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign | Yeluu Zong Zhen|耶律宗真 ye1 luu4 zong1 zhen1 | 1031- 1055 | Jingfu (景福 jing3 fu2) 1031- 1032 Chongxi (重熙 chong2 xi1) 1032- 1055 |
| Dao Zong (道宗 dao4 zong1) | Too tedious thus not used when referring to this sovereign | Yeluu Hong Ji|耶律洪基 ye1 luu4 hong2 ji1 | 1055- 1101 | Qingning (清寧 qing1 ning2) 1055- 1064 Xianyong (咸雍 xian2 yong1) 1065- 1074 Taikang (太康 tai4 kang1) or Dakang (大康 da4 kang1) 1075- 1084 Daan (大安 da4 an1) 1085- 1094 Shouchang (壽昌 shou4 chang1) or Shoulong (壽隆 shou4 long2) 1095- 1101 |
| Did not exist | Tian Zuo Di (天祚帝 tian1 zuo4 di4) | Yeluu Yan Xi|耶律延禧 ye1 luu4 yan2 xi1 | 1101- 1125 | Qiantong (乾統 qian2 tong3) 1101- 1110 Tianqing (天慶 tian1 qing4) 1111- 1120 Baoda (保大 bao3 da4) 1121- 1125 |
See also: Chinese history, Chinese sovereign, Song Dynasty, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period, Tang Dynasty, Jin Dynasty , Mongols
History of China