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In mathematics, a cardinal is called a large cardinal if it belongs to a class of cardinals, the existence of which provably cannot be proved within the standard axiomatic set theory ZFC, if one assumes ZFC itself is consistent. Therefore the discussion of large cardinals takes place in a realm of conditional proofs, which (according to the consensus view of logicians) will remain so.The following is a list of some types of large cardinals; it is arranged in order of the consistency strength. Existence of a cardinal number κ of a given type implies the existence of cardinals of most of the types listed above that type, and for all listed cardinal descriptions φ of lesser consistency strength, V(κ) satisfies "there are unboundedly many cardinals satisfying φ".
- weakly inaccessible cardinals
- strongly inaccessible cardinals (actually the same consistency strength as weakly inaccessible)
- Mahlo cardinals
- n-Mahlo cardinals
- weakly compact cardinals
- totally indescribable cardinals
- unfoldable cardinals
- subtle cardinals
- ineffable cardinals
- remarkable cardinals
- Erdos cardinalsIn mathematics, an Erdos cardinal is a certain kind of large cardinal number. Formally, a cardinal number κ which is the least cardinal such that for every function f κ → {0, 1} there is a set of order type α that is homogeneous for
- 0#Set theory In mathematical set theory, 0 (zero sharp, also: 0#) is defined to be a particular real number satisfying certain conditions. The definition is a bit awkward, because there may in fact be no real number satisfying the conditions. The propositio (not a cardinal, but proves the existence of transitive models with the cardinals above)
- Ramsey cardinalIn mathematics, a Ramsey cardinal is a certain kind of large cardinal number. Formally, a cardinal number κ such that for every function f κ → {0, 1} (with κ denoting the set of all finite subsets of κ) there is a set of cardis
- measurable cardinalIn mathematics, a measurable cardinal is a certain kind of large cardinal number. Formally, a measurable cardinal is a cardinal number κ such that there exists a κ-additive, non-trivial, 0-1-valued measure on the power set of κ. Equivales
- strong cardinalIn mathematics, a strong cardinal is a cardinal number κ such that for all ordinal numbers λ there exists an elementary embedding j : V → M from V into a transitive inner model M with critical point κ and V ⊆ M''. A lambda;-sts
- Woodin cardinalIn mathematical logic, a Woodin cardinal is a cardinal number κ such that for all f : κ → κ there exists :α < κ with f α] ⊆ α and an elementary embedding j : V → M from V into a transitive inner mods
- weakly hyper-Woodin cardinalIn axiomatic set theory, weakly hyper-Woodin cardinals are a kind of large cardinals. A cardinal κ is called weakly hyper-Woodin iff for every set S there exists a normal measure U on κ such that the set {λ < κ | λ is &kapps
- Shelah cardinalIn axiomatic set theory, Shelah cardinals are a kind of large cardinals. A cardinal κ is called Shelah iff for every f : κ → κ, there exists a transitive class N and a j : V → N with critical point κ and V ⊂ N''.s
- hyper-Woodin cardinals
- superstrong cardinals
- supercompact cardinals
- extendible cardinals
- huge cardinals
- superhuge cardinal s
- n-huge cardinals
- rank-into-rank
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