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He was born in Paris, the son of Auguste Casimir Périer and the grandson of Casimir Pierre Périer, premier of Louis Philippe. He entered public life as secretary to his father, who was minister of the interior under the presidency of Thiers.
In 1874 he was elected general councillor of the Aube départementThe departements (or departments) are administrative units of France, roughly analogous to British counties and are now grouped into 22 metropolitan and four overseas regions''. They are subdivided into 342 arrondissements''. Departements are also found i, and was sent by the same département to the chamber of deputies in the general elections of 1876Events January events January 31 The United States orders all Native Americans to move into reservations. February events February 2 The National League of Professional Baseball Clubs of Major League Baseball is formed. February 14 Alexander Graham Bell a, and he was always re-elected until his presidency. In spite of the traditions of his family, Casimir-Périer joined the group of RepublicanIn political science, a republican (lowercase r is a person who advocates the establishment of a republic as a form of government, in contrast to a monarchist and focused more on republican ideals than democratic. See also republicanism In politics, a Reps on the Left, and was one of the 363 on the Seize-Mai ( 1877Events January 1 Queen Victoria proclaimed Empress of India by the Royal Titles Act, introduced by United Kingdom Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli. January 8 Crazy Horse and his warriors fight their last battle with the United States Cavalry ( Montana) Ja). He refused to vote the expulsion of the princes in 1883Events January January 16 The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing the United States Civil service, is passed January 19 The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires begins service ( Roselle, New Jersey) It was built by Thomas E, and resigned as deputy upon the enactment of the law, because of his personal connexions with the family of Orléans .
On August 17, 1883 he became under-secretary of state for war, a post he retained until January 7, 1885. From 1890 to 1892 he was vice-president of the chamber, then in 1893 president. On December 3 he became prime-minister, holding the department of foreign affairs, resigned in May 1894, and was re-elected president of the chamber.
On June 24 1894, after the assassination of President Carnot, he was elected president of the republic by 451 votes against 195 for Henri Brisson and 97 for Charles Dupuy. His presidency lasted only six months. The resignation of the Dupuy ministry on January 14 1895 was followed the next day by that of the president. Casimir-Périer explained his action by the fact that he found himself ignored by the ministers, who did not consult him before taking decisions, and did not keep him informed upon political events, especially in foreign affairs.
From that time he completely abandoned politics, and devoted himself to business - especially mining. At the trial of Alfred Dreyfus at Rennes, Casimir-Périer's evidence, as opposed to that of General Mercier , was of great value to the cause of Dreyfus.